Question

  The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru5 s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.

    For thousands of years,Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru,far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Feam in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter,a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.

   However,because it was very remote,Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit,bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started,which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.

   Naum's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (憐酸盐) on the island. In fact,it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate,which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.

    A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground;it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines,it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip-mining totally destroys the land. Gradually,the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.

In 1968,Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

   Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Some people realised that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000,Nauru was almost financially mined. Experts say that it would take approximately $ 433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.

36. What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?

   A. To seek help for Naum's problems.

   B. To give a warning to other countries.

   C. To show the importance of money.

   D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.

37. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?

   A. Rich and powerful.

   B. Modem and open.

   C. Peaceful and attractive.

   D. Greedy and aggressive.

38. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from

   A. soil pollution   B. phosphate overmining

   C. farming activity   D. whale hunting

39. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru^ financial problem?

   A. Its leaders misused the money.

   B. It spent too much repairing the island.

   C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.

   D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

40. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?

   A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

   B. The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.

   C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.

   D. The phosphate mines were destroyed.

    A special lecture began Thursday morning,given by a teacher aboard a space module about 340 km above her students on Earth,the first such attempt by Chinese.

   Female astronaut Wang Yaping,one of the three crew members of Shenzhou X spacecraft,greeted about 330 primary and middle school students at a Beijing high school,through a live video feed system. uHello,everyone. I am Wang Yaping. I will host the lecture today”> she said,smiling towards the camera,on board of the space module Tiangong I.

   The students on her class included children from migrant workers’ families,of ethnic minorities (少数 民族) and from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan. They were gathering at the High School Affiliated to Renmin University in Beijing. More than 60 million students and teachers at about 80 ,000 middle schools across the country were also watching the live broadcast on TV.

   The first section of the class was all about weight. Nie Haisheng,commander of the crew,made a bit show of crossing his legs into a meditation (沉思、) sitting posture in the air,which only a martial art (武术) master could do in the movies but was impossible for real people on Earth. Thanks to the weightless condition,we are all masters,M Wang joked.

   Then,Wang Yaping introduced the special scale on board of the orbiter,which was designed on basis of the Newton's second law of motion,or measuring the mass of an object through the net force and the acceleration.

    The lesson was aimed at making space more popular,as well as inspiring enthusiasm for the universe and science,according to Zhou Jianping,designer-in-chief of China manned space program,who added that the lesson would also accumulate experience for similar larger activities.

41. What's the best title for the passage?

   A. Chinese Astronaut Gives the First Space Lecture

   B. Students Watch Shenzhou X Spacecraft

   C. What the Conditions Are like in Space

   D. Ordinary People Act like Martial Art Masters

42. The lecture given in space is intended for

   A. students from Beijing

   B. students from special areas

   C. students all over the country

   D. students interested in space module

43. From the passage we can know that .

   A. special training makes the astronauts stay in the air like martial art masters

   B. astronauts are experiencing weightless conditions when in space

   C. astronauts are showing to the students how they study and live in space

   D. the Newton's second law of motion proves to be wrong in space 

44. Why does astronaut Wang Yaping give the lecture in space?

   A. To show us what weightless conditions are like.

   B. To give a further explanation of weightlessness.

   C. To show it is not easy to stay in space at present.

   D. To make more of us interested in space science.

Answer 1

36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D

36. B解析:作者意图题。通读全文不难看 出，作者通过讲述瑙鲁外来驻民无节制地 开采磷酸盐而使其成为一个不可修复的生 态灾难区这一令人心碎的故事来警示人们 不应破坏生态平衡，而应与自然和谐相处， 故B项正确，文章最后两句也有暗示。

A 项表示“为瑙鲁出现的问题寻求帮助”；C 项表示“为了表明钱的重要性”；D项表示 “为了讲一个令人心碎的战争故事”，这三 项都不是作者写本文的意图。

37. C解析：细节理解题。由第一段第一句 “used to be a beautiful place. ” 可知璃鲁 曾经是很迷人的；由第二段中的“...lived on the remote island of Nauru,far from western civilization.”可知瑙鲁是一个地处

偏远，远离西方文明的岛国,故应当是很静 谧的，由此知选C项。

A项表示“富庶且 强大的”；B项表示“现代且开放的”；D项 表示“贪婪且好斗的”，这三项均不符合文 章的细节。

38. B解析：细节理解题。文章从第四段到 最后一段讲述了瑙鲁外来驻民由于对磷酸 盐的过度幵采，从而导致这个岛遭受了毁 灭性的破坏，故B项正确。

A项表示“土 壤污染”；C项表示“农耕活动”；D项表示 “捕鲸”，这三项文章中都未提及，属无中 生有。

39. A解析：细节理解题。由最后一段的前 两句“Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”以及下句中的“their phosphate was running out” 可知，璃鲁的财 政问题是由领导人滥用金钱及磷酸矿枯竭 造成的，故A项为其中的一个原因。

B项 表示“修复岛屿花了太多的钱' 文中提 到修复岛屿需要$ 433.6〇0.000 and more than 20 years,但这将可能是不会实现的， 故B项与文章的细节不符。

C项表示“开 采磷酸盐矿花钱太多”；D项表示“瑙鲁在 内战中丧失了上百万美元”，这两项文中均 未提及。

40. A解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段

to repair the island. This will probably never happen. ”可推断出瑙鲁的生态破坏是很难 修复的，故A项正确。

B项表示“领导人 会认真对待专家们的话”，从最后一句可以 看出这是不可能的;C项表示“这个岛屿被 瑙鲁人遗弃了”，从最后一段推断不出这一 结论;D项表示“磷酸盐矿被毁坏了”，这 一项属于没有根据的推测。

41. A解析：主旨大意题。本文讲述了中国 宇航员首次太空授课的情况。其他选项有 的在文章中提到，但不是全文重点讲述的 内容。

42. C解析：细节理解题。从“More than 60 million students and teachers at about   80.000 middle schools across the country were also watching the live broadcast on TV. ” 可知这 次讲课是针对全国的师生的。

43. B 解析：推理判断题。从文章中的 4< Thanks to the weightless condition,we are all masters.可知，宇航员展现的是在太 空中处于失重状态下的情形。

44. D解析：推理判断题。从文章最后一段 “The lesson was aimed at making space more popular,as well as inspiring enthusiasm for the universe and science... . 此次太空授课的目的是让更多的人对太空 科学感兴趣。