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    As if there weren’t enough of them in the world already, scientists have succeeded in cloning flies. The alike fruit flies are the first insects ever cloned, says the Canadian team that created them. The question everyone asks is why anyone would want to clone flies in the first place. She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with , will help to adjust the cloning process in other animals and even in humans, where the technique is being researched to aid production of therapeutic (治疗的) stem cells.
    In cloning, the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus(细胞核) has been removed. At the moment, the majority of cloned mice, sheep and other animals die before birth. It is thought this is because the adult DNA is not properly ‘reprogrammed’.
    Using flies, researchers might discover genes that are important for this reprogramming, and that have matches in other animals. That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells, which will test whether that gene is important. If such genes are confirmed, then in theory cloned mammalian embryos(晶胚) might be grown in selected solutions that change the activity of those genes to improve the technique’s success rate. Although some groups have attempted to clone insects before, Lloyd says this is the first time it has been successful. The team used a slight difference on the standard cloning process: they transferred nuclei taken from embryos rather than fully-grown adult cells. They sucked several nuclei (pl)out of developing fly embryos, and injected them into a fertilized(已受精的) fly egg. From over 800 early attempts, they cloned five adult insects, the group reports in the journal Genetics.
    【小题1】The best title of this passage probably is _______.

    A．The importance of clone
    B．First insects are cloned
    C．The disagreement in clone
    D．The advantages of clone
    【小题2】The scientists cloned flies because________.
    A．there are fewer and fewer flies in the world
    B．flies are easy to find and cheap to use
    C．they can gain some experience before cloning other animals
    D．it is safe to clone flies
    【小题3】The failure of most cloned animals is due to _______.
    A．the difference of other animals’ genes
    B．the improper technique of clone
    C．the complex of other animals
    D．the improper rearrange of the adult gene
    【小题4】It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.
    A．the clone of insects before used grown-up cells
    B．the clone of insects were never experimented before
    C．this time scientists cloned flies successfully and easily
    D．based on this success, other animals will be cloned in large quantities.


    【小题1】B
    【小题2】C
    【小题3】C
    【小题4】A

    解析

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    　　TOKYO－A child-like robot that combines the roles of nurse, companion and security guard is to go on the market to help the growing ranks of elderly Japanese with no one to look after them．

    　　The“Wakamaru”robot can walk around a house 24 hours a day, warning family, hospitals and security firms if it perceives(notices)a problem．It will, for example, call relatives if the owner fails to get out of the bath．

    　　Cameras implanted in the“eye-brows”of the robot enable it to“see”as it walks around an apartment．The images can be sent to the latest cellphones, which display the pictures．

    　　Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, which developed Wakamaru, plans to start selling the metre-high robots by April, 2005, for about ＄15,000 Cdn．

    　　Wakamaru, which speaks with either the voice of a boy or girl, is also designed to provide companionship, greeting its“papa”when he comes home．

    　　It is the first household robot able to hold simple conversations, based on a vocabulary of around 10,000 words．It cannot only speak but can understand answers and react accordingly．

    　　It will ask“Are you all right?”if its owner does not move for some time．If the answer is no, or there is no answer, it will telephone preset numbers, transmitting images and functioning as a speakerphone．

    　　Wakamaru will in form a xecurity firm if ther is a loud bang or if an unknown person enters the house while the owner is out or asleep．It can recognize up to 10 faces．

    　　But like nost robots it cannot climb stairs．

    　　It can be set to remind forgetful people when it is time to take medicine, eat and sleep．

    　　Mitstubishi adapted Wakamaru from robots it already makes to go around nuclear power facilities．The idea to use the technology in the home came from a company employee．

    　　The project chief said,“Looking at the ageing of society and the falling birth rate we decide that this could work as a business．We want to offer Wakamaru as a product that helps society．”

    　　The technology has gained nation-wide publicity in Japan among increasing xoncern over how to look after the ever-growing number of old people．The life expectancy of Japanese women has shot up to almost 85, the highest in the wolrld．

    　　At the same time, extended families are being rdplaced by nuclear families．This has left many Japanese anxious about their elderly parents, whom they rarely see because of their long hours at the office．

    (1)

    Which of the following is true about the Robot?

    [　　]

    A．

    It is used in some nuclear power facilities．

    B．

    It cannot speak but can understand answers．

    C．

    It can go up and soen the starirs easily．

    D．

    It can recognize as many as 10 faces．

    (2)

    The purpose of this passage is ________．

    [　　]

    A．

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    B．

    to solve the ageing problems

    C．

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    What can we infer from the passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    The robot can dial proper numbers for help．

    B．

    The robot is likely to have a promising market．

    C．

    The robot has given the Japanese a chance to live longer．

    D．

    The nuclear families have left many elderly Japanese anxious．

    (4)

    What is the best title of this passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    The Latest Development of Robot Technology

    B．

    Japanese Robot and the Ageing Society

    C．

    Vast Market of the New Robot

    D．

    Japanese-built Robot to Help the Old

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    阅读理解

    　　TOKYO－A child-like robot that combines the roles of nurse, companion and security guard is to go on the market to help the growing ranks of elderly Japanese with no one to look after them．

    　　The“Wakamaru”robot can walk around a house 24 hours a day, warning family, hospitals and security firms if it perceives(notices)a problem．It will, for example, call relatives if the owner fails to get out of the bath．

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    　　Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, which developed Wakamaru, plans to start selling the metre-high robots by April, 2005, for about ＄15,000 Cdn．

    　　Wakamaru, which speaks with either the voice of a boy or girl, is also designed to provide companionship, greeting its“papa”when he comes home．

    　　It is the first household robot able to hold simple conversations, based on a vocabulary of around 10,000 words．It cannot only speak but can understand answers and react accordingly．

    　　It will ask“Are you all right?”if its owner does not move for some time．If the answer is no, or there is no answer, it will telephone preset numbers, transmitting images and functioning as a speakerphone．

    　　Wakamaru will in form a xecurity firm if ther is a loud bang or if an unknown person enters the house while the owner is out or asleep．It can recognize up to 10 faces．

    　　But like nost robots it cannot climb stairs．

    　　It can be set to remind forgetful people when it is time to take medicine, eat and sleep．

    　　Mitstubishi adapted Wakamaru from robots it already makes to go around nuclear power facilities．The idea to use the technology in the home came from a company employee．

    　　The project chief said,“Looking at the ageing of society and the falling birth rate we decide that this could work as a business．We want to offer Wakamaru as a product that helps society．”

    　　The technology has gained nation-wide publicity in Japan among increasing xoncern over how to look after the ever-growing number of old people．The life expectancy of Japanese women has shot up to almost 85, the highest in the world．

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    [　　]

    A．

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    It can recognize as many as 10 faces．

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    It cannot speak but can understand answers．

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    The purpose of this passage is ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    to introduce a new product

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    to show the rapid development of technology

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    What can we infer from the passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    The robot can dial proper numbers for help．

    B．

    The nuclear families have left many elderly Japanese anxious．

    C．

    The robot has given the Japanese a chance to live longer．

    D．

    The robot is likely to have a promising market．

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    What is the best title of this passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    The Latest Development of Robot Technology

    B．

    Japanese-built Robot to Help the Old

    C．

    Vast Market of the New Robot

    D．

    Japanese Robot and the Ageing Society

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    (1)

    mrs．patnck was laughing gultily because she thought ________

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