Question

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Recently a new science behind incentives（激励）, 【1】_ （include） in education, has been discussed．For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children 【2】_ （do） better in school．__【3】_ some cases, he gave students incentives based on input（输入）, like reading certain books, while in 【4】___, the incentives 【5】 （base） on output, like results on exams．His main __【6】_ （find） was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output．Fryer’s conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be 【7】____ （effect） because students do not know how to do better on an exam, apart from general rules like “study harder”．Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over 【8】__ they have much more control．

As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have 【9】__ much higher chance of success．And it’s easier to start again 【10】_ you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do．

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】including

【2】to do

【3】In

【4】others

【5】were based

【6】finding

【7】more effective

【8】which

【9】a

【10】if

【解析】

【1】including 考查非谓语，真正的谓语部分是在后半部分has been discussed，所以这里应该使用非谓语用法，且表示主动关系，用ing形式。

【2】to do 考查固定搭配，motivate sb to do激励某人做某事

【3】In 考查介词用法，In some cases在一些情况下。

【4】others 考查代词的用法，这里others代指学生。

【5】were based 考查被动语态和时态，整天时态是过去式，且与incentives之间是被动关系。

【6】finding 考查名词，因为后面有系动词，所以缺少主语，将find（动词）变为名词finding。

【7】more effective 考查比较级用法，语境之间是表示一个比较意味的。

【8】which 考查定语从句，先行词是物，所以用which。

【9】a 考查冠词的用法，因为后文有much higher chance of success是一个名词短语，缺少冠词来修饰。

【10】if 考查状语从句，if（如果...）句意：如果你失败了，而且这样开始也比较容易，因为你确切的知道你需要的是什么。