Question

阅读理解 　　Three Yale University professors agreed in a discussion that the automobile was what one of them called “Public Health Enemy No．1 in this country”．Besides polluting the air and overcrowding the cities, cars are involved in more than half the disastrous(灾难性)accidents, and they contribute to heart disease “because we don’t walk anywhere anymore”, said Dr．H．Richard Weinerman, professor of medicine and public health． 　　Speaking of many of these man-made dangers to the automobile, Arthur W．Galston, professor of biology, said it was possible to make a kerosene-burning turbine car that would “lessen(减少)smog by a very large factor”．But he expressed doubt whether Americans were willing to give up moving about the countryside at 90 miles an hour in a large vehicle(车辆)．“America seems wedded② to the motor car－every family has to have at least two, and one has to be a convertible(敞蓬汽车)with 300 horsepower, ” professor Galston continued．“Is this the way of life that we choose because we treasure these values?” 　　For Professor Sears, part of the blame lies with “a society that regards profit(赢利)as a supreme value, under the illusion(错误的观念)that anything that’s technically possible is, therefore, morally justified(正当的)”．Professor Sears also called the country’s dependence on its modern automobiles “terrible economics” because of the large horsepower used simply “moving one individual to work”．But he admitted that Americans have painted themselves into a corner by allowing the national economy to become so dependent on the automobile industry． 　　“The solution”, Dr．Weinerman said, “is not to find a less dangerous fuel but a different system of inner-city transportation．Because of the increasing use of cars, public transportation has been allowed to wither(衰弱)and grow worse, so that if you can’t walk to where you want to go, you have to have a car in most cities, ” he declared．This, in turn, Dr．Weinerman contended③, is responsible for the “arteriosclerosis(动脉硬化)” of public roads, for the pollution of the inner city and for the middle-class movement to the suburbs． (1) The main idea of the passage is that ________． [　　] A． Americans are fond of their cars B． public transportation in America is well-developed C． American cars are too fast D． automobiles endanger health (2) It can be inferred from the passage that ________． [　　] A． people are more interested in fast automobiles than in their health B． Americans feel more closely tied to their cars than to their wives C． Kerosene-burning engines would pollute the environment more than gasoline-burning engines do D． kerosene-burning cars would go faster than gasoline-powered cars (3) In Paragraph 3, Professor Sears implies that ________． [　　] A． technology is always good for people B． technology is not always good for people C． financial profit is more important than technology advancement D． American people care about both environment pollution and technological development (4) According to Dr．Weinerman, the solution is that ________． [　　] A． public transportation should be improved B． people should get rid of their cars and take the bus to work C． one family should own just one car D． a fuel less dangerous than gasoline must be found

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．A;3．C;4．A;
解析：

(1)	主旨题。文章第一段第一句指出，三位耶鲁大学的教授一致认为汽车是“本国公共健康的头号大敌”，随后作者又指明汽车的使用会污染空气，导致交通事故，引发心脏病等，故答案为D项。
(2)	推理题。文章第二段前两句话指出人类有必要生产煤油汽车，但又提出疑问：人类是否愿意放弃在乡间以每小时90英里的速度高速行使的乐趣？可见，人们对高速行驶的兴趣大于对健康的关心，故A项为最佳答案。B项文中未提及，C、D项明显与文章第二段第一、二句话相矛盾。根据这两句话可以推断：煤油汽车对空气的污染小，但速度比汽油汽车要慢。
(3)	推断题。根据第三段Professor Sears的话可知：美国人之所以如此依赖汽车，部分原因是因为他们生活在一个以盈利为最终目的的社会。他们往往会产生这样一种幻觉：任何技术上可能的事情在道德上也是正确的。由此，可以推断：美国人把经济利益看得高于一切。因此C项符合此意。
(4)	细节理解题。文章最后一段提到：Dr．Weinermen认为：解决这一问题的关键不是寻找一种污染小的燃料，而是建立一套完全不同的市内交通体系。因为汽车的增多，公共交通已经变得越来越糟糕。除了开车，你无法走到你想去的地方，因此，解决这个问题的办法在于改善市内公共交通系统，使人们不再过多地依赖他们的汽车，因此A项正确。