Question

A euphemism is a word or expression that is used when people want to find a polite or less direct way of talking about difficult or embarrassing topics like death or the bodily functions. Most people ， for example ， would find it very difficult to say in plain language that they have arranged for their sick old dogs to be killed. They would soften the pain by saying: we had Ruby put down or we had Ruby put to sleep. Many people prefer to call someone plain than ugly, or cuddly rather than fat.

Euphemism is an important part of every language, but it seems that English has an ever-growing number of them. The non-native speaker not only has to make sense of the euphemisms he hears, but also he has to learn which euphemisms are appropriate in any particu?lar situations. He might be aware that his American friend needs to use the toilet when she asks where the bathroom (or restroom, or comfort station) is， but he is less likely to guess that his English friend has the same need when he says he has to see a man about a dog. He might have learned, for example, that in the family way-is a euphemism for pregnant. If, however, he says to his boss, "Congratulations！ I hear your wife is in the family way," he would be using an expression that is too familiar for the circumstances.

Schools are full of euphemisms. At Frankfurt In?ternational School, for example, the special lessons giv?en to students who are having difficulties in their school subjects are called Study Centre (in the middle school) and Academic Workshop (in the high school). Teachers rightly do not want to upset students or parents by being too frank or straightforward, and usually choose a softer word or expression to convey the same message.

5.    According to the passage, people use euphemisms in order to   .

A.    make themselves understood

B.    attract attention

C.    to sound straightforward

D.    avoid embarrassment

6.    A person who is described as plain and cuddly is in

fact  .

A. tall and handsome       B.  ugly and fat

C.   ugly but tall  D.  pretty and slim

7.    When an English lady says she has to see a man about a dog, she might want to     .

A.    go to the toilet

B.    see an ugly friend

C.    have her old dog killed

D.    see a pregnant woman

8.    The main purpose of Paragraph 2 is to .

A.    stress that euphemism is an important part of ev?ery language

B.    inform readers that English has an ever-growing number of euphemisms

C.    warn English learners to be careful about the meaning and use of euphemisms

D.    suggest non-native speakers use euphemisms as often as possible

Answer 1

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了委婉语在英语中的广泛应用，并提醒英语学习者要在沟通中注意委婉语的意思和用法，以免出现尴尬状况。

D细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句"A euphemism is a word or expression that is used when people want to find a polite or less direct way of talking about difficult or embarrassing topics like death or the bodily functions."可知，D项（为了避免尴尬）符

B细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句"Many people pre?fer to call someone plain than ugly, or cuddly rather than fat."可知B项符合文意。

A细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句"He might be aware that his American friend needs to use the toilet when she asks where the bathroom (or restroom, or comfort station) is， but he is less likely to guess that his English friend has the same need when he says he has to see a man about a dog.可知A项符合文意。

C段落大意题。根据文章第二段第二句"…not only has to ： make sense of the... but also he has to learn"- in any particular situations."及对第二段的整体理解可知，文章列举了英语中应用委婉语的不同情形，从而给英语学习者提醒：要在沟通中注意委婉语的意思和用法，以免出现尴尬状况。