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14.Are you guilty of throwing away food?Many of us end up binning unwanted,uneaten or out-of-date food while millions of people in the world (51)B.The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that 33percent of food produced is thrown away.This fills up landfill sites and (52)D greenhouse gases.
Part of the problem seems to lie with the supermarkets that (53)B us to buy more.They offer (54)A such as buy-one-get-one-free (BOGOF) that(55)D us to stock up on food that we'll never be able to consume.In Europe alone,people throw away 100million tons of food every year.
But the problem isn't just us throwing away leftovers in the fridge or cupboard.Although we all love the convenience,price and choice of food that supermarkets offer,a lot of food is discarded(丢弃)before we even see it.Some stores(56)A fruit and vegetables because they're the wrong size or shape.And shoppers are equally to blame because they demand that items like these look(57)C.
BBC reporter,Caroline Hepker,(58)Athe problem in the USA and said"Food waste is a huge issue in America.Forty percent of all food goes uneaten and it's a problem that starts long before you get to the dining room table."
Another issue is the'sell-by'and'use-by'dates printed on food packaging,which(59)B shoppers.Anything older than a'sell-by'date makes us think it is old and the food has gone off.But,in fact,this is just the date until which supermarkets can (60)Aits freshness.
(61)C,in some parts of the world,people are struggling to buy even the most basic food.A report by the UN's Food and Agricultural Organization found that there is enough food for everyone-just a lot of(62)B.So what can be done?
Apps and websites that (63)A excess(多余的) food are becoming more popular.And food banks are being set up too.These are charitable organizations people(64)D food to.It's then distributed to those who have difficulty buying their own food.
Perhaps the best idea is that we all think twice before we fill our baskets up with too many groceries and we put pressure on supermarkets to change some of their wasteful(65)C.How much food do you waste?

51.A.preserveB.starveC.advanceD.survive
52.A.changesB.dissolvesC.measuresD.creates
53.A.obligeB.encourageC.challengeD.instruct
54.A.promotionsB.presentsC.groceriesD.profits
55.A.remindB.expectC.permitD.tempt
56.A.rejectB concealC.crashD.introduce
57.A.astonishingB.confidentC.perfectD.terrible
58.A.looked intoB.coped withC.inquired aboutD.figured out
59.A.supervisesB.confusesC.reflectsD.reminds
60.A.guaranteeB.assessC.investigateD.maintain
61.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.Otherwise
62.A.inconvenienceB.inefficiencyC.irresponsibilityD.impossibility
63.A.distributeB.exploitC.exportD.sell
64.A.deliverB.exposeC.divideD.donate
65.A.characteristicsB.productsC.practicesD.customs

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了浪费食物是有罪的,许多人扔掉无用的或是过期的食物当世界上许多其他人正在挨饿的时候,因此粮食充足的人和那些商人可以将自己的无用的食物捐献给那些网站,让他们分发给有需要的人.

解答 51.B.根据前文"Are you guilty of throwing away food",可知浪费食物是有罪的,故许多人扔掉无用的或是过期的食物当世界上许多其他人正在挨饿的时候;故选B.
52.D.根据前文"The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that 33percent of food produced is thrown away"联合国粮食及农业组织估计,食品生产的33%被扔掉,可知这填补了垃圾填埋场并产生了温室气体;故选D.
53.B.句子"Part of the problem seems to lie with the supermarkets that encourage us to buy more"问题原因似乎与超市鼓励我们去购买更多有关,买的多,浪费的也更多;故选B.
54.A.promotions,促进,提升;根据"such as buy-one-get-one-free",可知超市用了买一送一的推销手段;故选A.
55.D.tempt,引诱,怂恿,吸引;permit,准许,许可;根据句意超市使用促销手段引诱我们购买无用商品;故选D.
56.A.reject,扔掉,丢弃;conceal,隐藏,遮住;crash,碰撞,暴跌;可知句意为很多商店扔掉水果或蔬菜只是因为它们形状难看;故选A.
57.C.astonishing,令人惊讶地;confident,自信的;perfect,完美的;terrible,糟糕的;句意为消费者也同样需要负责,因为是他们要求商品的外观必须完美;故选C.
58.A.looked into,看着;coped with,应对;inquired about,询问;figured out,弄清楚,明白;句意记者Caroline Hepker看出了这个问题并且提问;故选A.
59.B.根据句意,另一个问题是,包装上的生产日期和保质期迷惑了消费者们;故选B.
60.A.guarantee,保证,担保;assess,评定;investigate,调查,研究;maintain,保持,坚持;根据"Anything older than a'sell-by'date makes us think it is old and the food has gone off"可知保质期其实只是为保证贩卖的新鲜度而已;故选A.
61.C.Meanwhile,与此同时,根据句意在世界的某些地方,人们都在努力购买最基本的食物;故选C.
62.B.inconvenience,不方便,麻烦事;inefficiency,无能,无效事;irresponsibility,不负责任;impossibility,不可能的;根据句意对于粮食足够的人来说可以做什么呢;故选B.
63.A.根据句意,应用程序和网站上分发的过量的(多余的)食品越来越受欢迎;故选A.
64.D 根据句意,这些都是慈善组织的人捐献出来然后分发给那些有困难的人拥有他们自己的食物;故选D.
65.C.practices,惯例;根据句意可知我们给超市的压力,以改变他们的一些浪费惯例;故选C.

点评 考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的能力,在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.此类的填空题一定要联系上下文,根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解,再作出正确的判断.

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