精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情

 (09·浙江E篇)

Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.

   Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors

   At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.

   But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.

What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”

As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson  and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that  “Franklin was only two steps away  from the solution.”

 No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of  DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the  “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.

57. What is the text mainly about?

   A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.

   B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.

   C. The process of discovering DNA.

   D. The race between two teams of scientists.

58. Watson was angry with Franklin because she     .

   A. took the lead in the competition         B. kept her results from him

   C. proved some of his findings wrong       D. shared her data with other scientists

59. Why is Franklin described as  “Dark Lady of DNA”?
   A. She developed pictures in dark labs.

   B. She discovered the  black X-the shape of DNA.

   C. Her name was forgotten after her death.

   D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.

60. What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
  A. Disapproving.     B. Respectful.        C.  Admiring.       D. Doubtful.

答案  57.B  58.C  59.D  60.A

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

 (09·浙江B篇)

Below are same classified ads from an English newspaper.

Classified ads

FOR DORECT CLASSIFIED SERVICE CALL 800-0557 10 A.M.-4P.M. MONDAY-FRIDAY

FOR SALE

———————————

COME to our moving sale-

Plants, pottery, books, clothes,

etc.Sat,Dec.14th ---9a.m.-5p.m.

1612 Femdale,Apt.1,800-4696

USED FUR COATS and

JACKETS ,Good condition

$30-$50.Call 800-0436 after

12 noon.

MOVING; Must sell.TV21”,

$50; AM/FM radio A/C or

battery, $15; cassette tape

recorder, $10.Call Jon or

Pat, 800-0739 after 5p.m. or

Weekends.

SHEEPSKIN COAT: man’s

size 42, 1year old. $85 after

6 p.m., 800-5224.

LOST AND FOUND

———————————

FOUND; Cat, 6 months old,

black and white markings.

Found near Linden and South

U. Steve.800-4661.

LOST; Gold wire rim glasses

In brown case. Campus area.

Reward. Call Gregg 800-9662,

FOUND: Nov.8th-----A black and

white puppy in Packard-Jewett

area 800-5770.

PERSONAL

————————————

OVERSEAS JOBS—Australia,

Europe, S. America, Africa.

Students  all professions and

occupation, $700 to $3000

monthly. Expenses paid,

overtime sightseeing. Free

information at STUDENTS’

UNION.

THE INTERNATIONAL

————————————

CENTER plans to publish a

booklet of student travel

adventures . If you’d like to

write about your foreign

experiences, unusual or just

plain interesting, call us

(800-9310) and ask for Mike

or Janet.

UNSURE WHAT TO DO?

Life-Planning Workshop. Dec.

13th-15th. Bob and Margaret

Atwood, 800-0046.

ROOMMATES

————————————

FEMALE ROOMMATE

WANTED: Own room near-

campus. Available December

1# . Rent $300 per month until

March 1#. $450 thereafter. Call

Jill for details, 800-7839.

NEED PERSON to assume

lease for own bedroom in apt.

near campus, $380/mo.starting

Jan. 1# Call 800-6157 after

5 p.m.

DOMESTIC SERVICE

————————————

EARLY HOUR WAKE-UP

SERVICE: For prompt,

courteous wake-up service,

call 800-0760.

HELP WANTED

————————————

BABYSITTER—MY HOME

If you are available a few

hours during the day, and some

evening to care for 2

school-age children, please

call Gayle Moore, days

800-1111, evening and

weekends 800-4964.

PERSONS WANTED for

Delivery work Own

Transportation Good pay

Apply 2311 E. Stadium. Office

101, after 9a.m.

TELEPHONE RECEPTION-

IST WANTED. NO experience

Necessary Good pay. Apply

2311 E. Stadium. office 101,

after 9a.m.

WAITRESS WANTED:

10a.m.-2p.m.or 10:30 a.m.-

5p.m. Apply inperson,2075

Main. Curtis Restaurant.

HELP WANTED for house

Cleaning 1/2 day on weekends

When—to be discussed for

mutual convenience. Good

wages. Sylvan Street. Call

800-2817.

45. Where will you post a notice if you need someone to look after your children?

A. PERSONAL.                            B. HELP WANTED.

C. DOMMESTIC SERVICE.                  D. ROOMMATES.

46. A second-hand jacket will probably cost you________.

   A. $60                B. $40              C. $20                D. $10

47. To have your travel notes published, you may contact_________.

   A. Students’ Union                          B. Gayle Moore

   C. The International Center                   D. Life-Planning Workshop

48. If you want to have someone wake you up in the morning, you may call_________.

   A. 800-5224           B. 800-5770          C. 800-7839          D. 800-0760

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

 (09·浙江C篇)

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants

Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet

smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as

Bugs and bees.

Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by

Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the

Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ---- or even

Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.

     Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical

Sensor(传感器)called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make

When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being

Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual

Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house

Thousands of plants.

     The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the

device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the

e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.

    To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato

plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged

leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made

holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器).

The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on

The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged.

But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole

Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.

With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.

A. making some sounds                     B. waving their leaves

C. producing some chemicals                 D. sending out electronic signals

50. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

A. They presented it with all common crops.

B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.

C. They collected different damaged leaves.

D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.

51. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.

A. pick out ripe fruits

B. spot the insects quickly

C. distinguish different damages to the leaves

D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

52 We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.

A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers

B. is not yet used in greenhouses

C. is designed by scientists at Purdue

D. is helpful in killing harmful insects

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案