The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.
Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.
If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.
1. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
|
A．taxpayers |
B．pressing calls |
C．college graduates |
D．government resources |
2.The author thinks that with full government funding ______.
|
A．teachers are less satisfied |
B．students are more demanding |
|
C．students will become more competent |
D．teachers will spend less time on teaching |
3.The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ______.
|
A．argue against free university education |
B．call on them to finance students' studies |
|
C．encourage graduates to go into business |
D．show their contribution to higher education |
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
When Dave was eighteen, he bought a secondhand car for 200 so that he could travel to and from work more__1__ than by bus. It worked quite well for a few years, but then it got so old, and it was costing him _2_much in repairs that he decided that he had better _3_it.
He asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly_ 4_ to buy a cheap car, but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so_5_ of them had any desire to buy it. Dave's friend Sam saw that he was _6_ when they met one evening, and said, “What's _7_, Dave?”
Dave told him, and Sam answered, “Well, what about advertising it in the paper? You may _8_more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement!” Thinking that Sam's_9_was sensible(合理的),he put an advertisement in an evening paper, which read “For sale: small car, _10_ very little petrol, only two owners. Bargain at 50.”
For two days after the advertisement first appeared, there was no _11_.But then on Saturday evening he had an enquiry(询问).A man rang up and said he would like to_12_ him about the car. “All right,” Dave said, feeling happy. He asked the man whether ten o'clock the next morning would be_13_or not. “Fine,” the man said, “and I'll _14_my wife. We intend to go for a ride in it to _15_ it.”
The next morning, at a quarter to ten, Dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, _16_ to wait there for the people who had_17_ his advertisement. Even Dave had to _18_that the car really looked like a wreck(残骸).Then, soon after he had got the car as clean_19_ it could be, a police car stopped just behind him and a policeman got out. He looked at Dave's car and then said, “Have you reported this _20_ to us yet, sir?”?
1. A. directly B. safely C. properly D. easily?
2. A. so B. such C. very D. too?
3. A. keep B. repair C. sell D. throw?
4. A. anxious B. lucky C. ashamed D. generous?
5. A. some B. neither C. none D. most?
6. A. delighted B. upset C. calm D. astonished?
7. A. on B. up C. it D. that?
8. A. learn B. miss C. get D. find?
9. A. message B. advice C. request D. description?
10. A. uses B. loses C. has D. spends?
11. A. doubt B. help C. trouble D. answer?
12. A. tell B. see C. agree D. call?
13. A. exact B. suitable C. early D. late?
14. A. follow B. meet C. bring D. introduce?
15. A. recognize B. gain C. admire D. test
16. A. happening B. meaning C. turning D. failing
17. A. read B. inserted C. answered D. placed
18. A. forget B. show C. disagree D. admit
19. A. as B. that C. so D. such
20. A. bargain B. sale C. accident D. result
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVNENTS big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival(19 Oct.) cost ￡118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you're looking for a big event to pass your timecheck out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.
STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don't be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge's Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just ￡62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a selfcatering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O'Neill Flat on Edinburgh's Royal Mile, available for ￡420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.
GET ON A BIKE London's ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around ￡1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or ￡5 per day)．
56．The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may________．
A．help travelers pass time
B．attract lots of travelers to the UK
C．allow travelers to make flexible plans
D．cause travelers to pay more for accommodation
57．“Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably ________．
A．a hotel away from the train station
B．the tube line to Covent Garden
C．an ideal holiday desinationo
D．the name of a travel agency
58．The passage shows that the O'Neill Flat ________．
A．lies on the ground floor
B．is located in central London
C．provides cooking facilities for tourists
D．costs over ￡100 on average per day in late September
59．Cardiff's program allows a free bike for a maximum period of ________．
A．half an hour B．one hour
C．one hour and a half D．tow hours
60．The main purpose of the passage is ________．
A．to tell visitors how to book in advance
B．to supply visitors with hotel information
C．to show visitors the importance of selfhelp
D．to offer visitors some moneysaving tips
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科目：高中英语 来源：单词与词组的拼写 题型：完型填空
五、Cloze test(完形填空)20分
When Dave was eighteen,he bought a second-hand car for ￡200 so that he could travel to and from work more 1 than by bus.It worked quite well for a few years,but then it got so old,and it was costing him 2 much in repairs that he decided that he had better 3 it.
He asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly 4 to buy a cheap car,but they all knew that it was falling to pieces,so 5 of them had any desire to buy it.
Dave's friend Sam saw that he was 6 when they met one evening,and said,“What's 7 ,Dave?” Dave told him and Sam answered,“Well,what about advertising it in the paper? You may 8 more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement!” Thinking that Sam's 9 was sensible,he put an advertisement in an evening paper,which read:“For sale:small car, 10 very little petrol,only two owners.Bargain at ￡50.”
For two days after the advertisement first appeared,there was no 11 .But then on Saturday evening a man rang up and said he would like to 12 him about the car.“All right,” Dave said,feeling happy.He asked the man whether ten o'clock the next morning would be 13 or not.“Fine,” the man said.“And I'll 14 my wife.We intend to go for a ride in it to 15 it.”
The next morning,at ten quarter,Dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, 16 to wait there for the person who had 17 his advertisement.Even Dave had to 18 that the car really looked like a wreck.Then soon after he had got the car as 19 as it could be,a police car stopped just behind him and a policeman got out.He looked at Dave's car and then said,“Have you reported this 20 to us yet,sir?”
1.A.directly B.safely C.properly D.easily
2.A.so B.such C.very D.too
3.A.keep B.repair C.sell D.throw
4.A.anxious B.lucky C.ashamed D.generous
5.A.some B.neither C.none D.no one
6.A.calm B.upset C.delighted D.astonished
7.A.no B.up C.it D.that
8.A.learn B.miss C.get D.find
9.A.message B.advice C.request D.description
10.A.uses B.loses C.has D.spends
11.A.doubt B.help C.trouble D.answer
12.A.tell B.see C.agree D.call
13.A.exact B.suitable C.early D.late
14.A.follow B.meet C.bring D.introduce
15.A.test B.obtain C.admire D.recognize
16.A.failing B.meaning C.turning D.happening
17.A.read B.placed C.answered D.understood
18.A.forget B.show C.disagree D.admit
19.A.clean B.crowded C.fast D.light
20.A.bargain B.sale C.accident D.result
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that is one word more than you need.
A．recovery B．images C．instant D．blame E．shocking
F．accuracy G．concentrate H．awarded I．fined J．estimate
Think you can walk, rive, take phone calls, email and listen to music at the same time? Well, New York’s new law says you can’t. and you I’ll be 41 $100 if you do it on a New York City street.
The law went into force last year, following recent research and a (n) 42 number of accidents that involved people using electronic devices when crossing the street.
Who’s to 43 ? scientists say that our multitasking（处理多重任务的）abilities are limited.
“We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can ,” says Rene Marois, a scientist in Tennessee. “But a major limitation is the inability to 44 on two things at once.”
The young are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this idea is open to question. A group of 18-to 21-year-olds and a group of 35-to 39-year-olds were given 90 seconds to translate 45 into numbers, using a simple code. The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone cal or a (n) 46 message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and 47 .
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. But it is probably a lot. It is estimated that the cost o interruptions to the American economy is nearly $650 lillion a year.
The 48 is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers’ time was spent on interruptions and 49 time before they returned to their main tasks.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that is one word more than you need.
Think you can walk, rive, take phone calls, email and listen to music at the same time? Well, New York’s new law says you can’t. and you I’ll be 1 $100 if you do it on a New York City street.
The law went into force last year, following recent research and a （n） 2 number of accidents that involved people using electronic devices when crossing the street.
Who’s to 3 ? scientists say that our multitasking（处理多重任务的）abilities are limited.
“We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can ,” says Rene Marois, a scientist in Tennessee. “But a major limitation is the inability to 4 on two things at once.”
The young are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this idea is open to question. A group of 18-to 21-year-olds and a group of 35-to 39-year-olds were given 90 seconds to translate 5 into numbers, using a simple code. The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone cal or a （n） 6 message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and 7 .
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. But it is probably a lot. It is estimated that the cost o interruptions to the American economy is nearly $650 lillion a year.
The 8 is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers’ time was spent on interruptions and 9 time before they returned to their main tasks.
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