D
You may picture firefighters holding a hose (水管) outside of a burning building, but the Golden Eagles Hotshots don’t fight fires quite that way. When they go into action, you may not even see a fire truck.
The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wildness areas. But don’t think you’ll only find them in their home state California. Wherever there is a national wildfire emergency, the Golden Eagles Hotshots could be there.
But these firefighters don’t work the same way as firefighters in a big city. They work in areas where there are a large number of trees, bushes, and grass. They climb up and down steep hills to clear brush and burnable debris（残骸）. They sometimes use water, but they often fight fire with fire!
They do that by lighting what are called “backfires,” which are small, controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of large wildfires. That way, when the wildfire gets there, it has nothing to burn and nowhere to go, because all the burnable fuel has already gone up in smoke.
The Hotshots also clear away fuel using old-fashioned hard work. For example, they use a saw to cut away trees and heavy brush that could catch fire.
Of course there are times when the Golden Eagles Hotshots do have trucks to supply water to the fires. But the water is limited, and these guys have to rely on hard work more than anything. Physical fitness is very important. They have to be in great physical shape to handle steep hills and difficult terrain(地形) while carrying a 60-pound pack.
The Golden Eagles Hotshots definitely work hard for their pay. But thanks to their efforts, many lives have been saved, many houses have not burned, and countless trees are still standing.
1.67. The firefighters mentioned in the passenger.
|
A．do much of their work in California |
|
B．avoid climbing steep hills in their work |
|
C．do their work equipped with advanced tools. |
|
D．carry out their work mostly in forests and mountains. |
2.68. According to the passage, why do the firefighters light “backfires”?
|
A．To signal for help. |
B．To remove obstacles. |
|
C．To protect trees and bushes. |
D．To prevent the fire from spreading. |
3.69. What can we learn about the Golden Eagles Hotshots?
|
A．They are firefighters working in big cities. |
|
B．Their work requires physical strength. |
|
C．They are voluntary firefighters working for free. |
|
D．They usually hold a hose to put out the fires. |
4.70. What is the author’s attitude towards the Golden Eagles Hotshots?
|
A．Appreciative |
B．Doubtful |
C．Worried |
D．Critical |
1.D
2.D
3.B
4.A
【解析】
试题分析
1.细节考察题
题干：文中提到的消防员____答案依据：The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wildness areas.（第二段句首，同义转换）
据此可知，Hotshots就是那些经常在野外进行灭火的消防战士
对于细节题。应该确定答案出现的区域，进而从段位和段首往中间查找，缩小答案区域。最后进行句意或概念转换，通常再原文以原句或同义句形式出现。此题的答案在原文中以同义句形式出现。
2.细节和推理题干：依据文章，为什么消防战士会点燃回火？
选D 答案依据：which are small, controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of large wildfires.（第四段）
回火火势较小，易于控制，而且可以顺着野火燃烧的方向将可燃烧的物质烧尽，这样做就避免了火势进一步蔓延（根据已知的信息，整合后进行下一步推断）
对于细节题。应该确定答案出现的区域，进而从段位和段首往中间查找，缩小答案区域。最后进行句意或概念转换，通常再原文以原句或同义句形式出现。此题的答案在原文中以同义句形式出现。如果这样还不行，则根据原文进行推理。
3.推理题题干：我们可以从本文描述的hotshots了解到什么？
答案依据：根据前面的信息可知，消防战士通常都是在户外作业，条件异常艰苦。所以推断他们的身体肯定很强壮，不然不能胜任此项工作。
对于推理题，考生可根据文章中已经掌握的信息（如篇章和篇尾通常是主旨），进行初步判断，再激活自己的生活经验和对普通事物的常识认知，以本文为例，消防官兵，结合自己的常识，身体必须符合条件，也就是强壮威猛。所以，作答此类型题目，以用细节法和经验法。
4.态度题题干：作者对hotshpts的态度如何
选A（赞扬的，欣赏的）答案依据：thanks to their efforts, many lives have been saved, many houses have not burned, and countless trees are still standing，据此可判断作者的态度
作答此类题型，应注意用归类法进行处理。态度褒贬划分可有：褒扬的（Appreciative，positive等） 中性的（neutral，objective，worried等） 贬义的（critical，doubtful等）平时应注意多归类整理。
考点;考查人物介绍类短文
点评：此篇文章主要介绍了一群特殊作业的消防官兵，讲述了他们的工作环境，工作过程等，向读者完整介绍了消防官兵的工作。以细节题考察为主，作答时，应以准快为基本要求，快速找出答案区域，找到依据，找出答案。
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