Question

When we donate（捐献） blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance for at least ABO and Rh systems typing. If you are O+, the O is your ABO type and the + is your Rh type. It is possible to be A, B, AB, or O as well as Rh + or Rh-.

The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements. There are four basic types of blood in the ABO system: A, B, AB and O. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood. We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents. Because of the substances(物质) contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully, If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types, so it is often called the universal donor. However, there is still a risk. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal receiver. However, because there can be so many reactions in the blood bank of the hospital.

There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A. The least common is type AB. Other races have different percentage. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O out of 100 donors in the world.

1.Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?

2.The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means ________.

A. to put the blood into a container

B. to move the blood from one place to another

C. to put the blood of one person into the body of another

D. to give power to another person

3.The writer suggests that the third most common blood type among the Europeans is ______.

A. B B. A C. AB D. O

4.The text mainly tells us ______.

A. about the basic types of human blood

B. what kind of blood is the most common

C. about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize

D. the relationship between blood type and nationality

Answer 1

1.D

2.C

3.A

4.A

【解析】

试题分析: 本文讲述了有关于人类的主要四种血型、这四种血型在输血的时候应该注意它们是否互相被接纳的问题并以欧洲人为例，说了民族与血型的关系。

1.D细节理解题。根据第二段：A and B cannot be mixed .A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types, so it is often called the universal donor.句意：A型血和B型血不能混在一起。A型血和B型血不能接纳AB型血，但是AB型血不能接纳A型血或B 型血。在紧急情况下，O型血能够输血因为它能够被任何血型的血所接纳，所以它经常被叫做万能供血者。根据句意，故选D.

2.C细节推理题。根据横线后的一句话：If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation.（如果两种不同的血型被混合在一起，这将可能会致一个人于极危险的境地）可知前一句是在讲人和人之间输血的问题，故选C.

3.A细节推理题。根据最后一段：Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A. The least common is type AB.（在欧洲人中，大约45%的人是O型血，而42%的人是A型血。最不常见的血型就是AB型）可知B型血欧洲人中的第三大最常见的血型。故选A.

4.

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