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    Standardized exam in American public education are being reformed. Over the next four years, hundreds of university professors and testing experts will work together to design new assessment system.
    The new tests will be computer-based and will measure higher-order skills ignored by the multiple-choice exams used in all states，including students’ ability to read complex texts, synthesize(合成)information and do research projects．
    Because the new tests will be computerized and will be administered several times throughout the school year, they can provide faster feedback(反馈)to teachers．If these plans work out, It’ll turn the current testing system upside down．
    One group，led by Florida，will be made up of 25 states and the District of Columbia．The group was awarded $170 million．The other group, whose membership over-laps the first，has31 states and is led by Washington．The group was given $160 million．Twelve of the 44 states are
    participating in both groups but are expected eventually to choose one set of tests．
    The two groups are supposed to work in a friendly competition，though their plans are very similar．Both groups will produce tests that rely heavily on technology and both groups’ tests will include so-called performance-based tasks，designed to mirror complex，real-world situations．
    In performance-based tasks，students are given a problem－they could be told, for example, to suppose they are a mayor who needs to reduce a city’s pollution—and must write about how they would solve the problem．
    The new tests could be useful to teachers by giving them information on what their students are learning, but it might also require some mid-course adjustments.
    Over the past decade, the federal No Child Left Behind law has emphasized helping low-achieving students improve their basic reading and math by encouraging states to produce tests that measure relatively low-1evel skills. Although the Bush-era law is still on the books, two
    years of Obama administration policy have been leading schools in new directions．   
    小题1:. . What is the main idea of this passage?
    A．Obama’s education policy takes the lead.
    B．A computer-based testing system is adopted.
    C．American education system has been changed.
    D．Experts are reinventing the student testing system.
    小题2:.  Why are multiple-choice exams to be given up?
    A．Because they are not computer-based.
    B．Because they can’t test students’ higher-order skills.
    C．Because they can’t provide proper feedback for teachers.
    D．Because they can’t test students’ general reading ability.
    小题3:.  The underlined part in Para. 4 probably means________.
    A．the two groups have some shared members
    B．the other group is more demanding than the first
    C．the groups have different tasks of their own
    D．the other group does better than the first group in the task
    小题4:.  According to the passage, performance-based tasks may refer to tasks that______.
    A．are related to real-world problems
    B．have to be performed in an imaginary world
    C．teach us theories through complex problems
    D．can only be completed by relying heavily on technology
    小题5:. . From the last paragraph, we can infer that_________.
    A．the No child Left Behind policy is not helpful
    B．the Obama administration’s policy is highly praised
    C．the two policies both emphasize math and reading abilities
    D．the two policies both emphasize the development of practical skills

    小题1:.D
    小题1:.B
    小题1:.A
    小题1:.A
    小题1:.D
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    B．Tao will spend all his time producing music
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