12.Like most creatures on earth,humans come equipped with a circadian clock (生物钟),a roughly 24-hour internal timer that keeps our sleep patterns in agreement with our planet,at least until genetics,age and our personal habits get in the way.Even though the average adult needs eight hours of sleep per night,there are"short-sleepers,"who need far less,and morning people,who,research shows,often come from families of other morning people.Then there's the rest of us who rely on alarm clocks.
For those who fantasize about greeting the dawn,there is hope.Sleep experts say that with a little training,well actually,a lot of traning,most people can reset their circadian clocks.But it's not as simple as forcing yourself to go to bed earlier,for you can't make a wide-awake brain sleep.It requires inducing (诱导) a sort of jet lag without leaving your time zone.And sticking it out until your body clock resets itself.And then not resetting it again.
To start,move up your wake-up time by 20minutes a day.If you regularly rise at 8a.m.,but really want to get moving at 6a.m.,set the alarm for 7:40on Monday.The next day,set it for 7:20and so on.Then,after you wake up,don't stay in bed.Hit yourself with light.In theory,you'll gradually get sleepy about 20minutes earlier each night,and you can facilitate the transition by avoiding extra light exposure from computers or televisions as you near bedtime.
But recalibrating your inner clock requires more commitment than many people care to give.For some,it's almost impossible.Very early risers and longtime night owls (猫头鹰) have a hard time ever changing.Night-shift workers also struggle because they don't get the environmental and social cues that help adjust the circadian clock.
Besides computer screens,the biggest trouble for an aspiring person is weekend.Staying up later on Friday or sleeping in on sends the brain an entirely new set of scheduling priorities.By Monday,a 6a.m.alarm will feel like 4a.m..If the old phase was entrained for a long time,the biology has a kind of memory.In other words,it takes self-discipline.
63.According to the passage,a circadian clock usuallyA.
A.regulates one's sleep patterns
B.affects one's personal habits
C.determines one's sleep qualities
D.replaces an alarm clock
64.For those who want to get up earlier,C.
A.there is no possibility
B.it takes little effort
C.it needs to creat a feeling of jet lag
D.the best way is to go to bed earlier
65.To form the habit of getting up 2hours eralier,you'd betterC.
A.get up immediately you wake up
B.avoid light exposure when you wake up
C.start by setting your alram clock for exactly the time
D.force yourself to go to bed as eraly as possible
66.Which of the following factors may affect one's change of a circadian clock most?D
A.Light.
B.Computer.
C.Television.
D.Weekend.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了和地球上大多数生物一样,人类也有生物钟,它负责调节我们的睡眠模式,因此想要改变我们的生物钟,需要人为制造时差感,比如每天通过闹钟设置确切的时间等,但是电脑、电视等发出的亮光和周末熬夜都会影响我们的生物钟,一定要注意.
解答 63.A.细节理解题.根据文章第一段"a roughly 24-hour internal timer that keeps our sleep patterns in agreement with our planet",它就像一个大约24小时的内部定时器,让我们的睡眠模式与我们的星球相适应,可知生物钟可以管理我们的睡眠模式;故选A.
64.C.细节理解题.根据文章第二段"It requires inducing a sort of jet lag without leaving your time zone"这种训练需要人为制造一种时差感,但不必为此离开你的时区;故选C.
65.C.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"set the alarm for 7:40on Monday.The next day,set it for 7:20and so on",星期一就把闹钟定在7点40,星期二定在7点20,依此类推,故选C.
66.D.推理判断题,根据文章最后一段"Staying up later on Friday or sleeping in on sends the brain an entirely new set of scheduling priorities",星期五晚上整晚熬夜或睡觉会向大脑发送一套全新的时间表,可推测周末会改变生物钟;故选D.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.