练习册

  • 练习册
  • 试题
    精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
    Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden change in pronunciation started, with vowels (元音) being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact (接触) with many people from around the world. This meant that lots of new vocabulary entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was now a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London became the standard. In 1604 the first English dictionary came out.
    Early Modern English and Late Modern English are mostly different in the number of words. Late Modern English has many more words, mainly because of the following two reasons: First, the Industrial Revolution (工业革命) led to the need for new words. Second, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.
    From around 1600, the English colonization (殖民地化) of North America led to American English. Some English pronunciations and words “froze” when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that are called “American English” are in fact from British expressions. They were kept in the colonies while lost for a time in Britain. Spanish also had an influence (影响) on American English. For example, words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante are from Spanish. They entered English by the people of Spain who settled in the American West. French words and West African words also influenced American English.
    Today, American English has a greater influence, because of the USA’s movies, television, popular music, trade and technology.
    小题1:The main difference between Early and Late Modern English lies in _____.
    A．vocabularyB．pronunciation
    C．spellingD．grammar
    小题2: What helped to increase the vocabulary of Late Modern English?
    a. the invention of printing
    b. the Industrial Revolution
    c. the colonization
    d. the contact with other countries
    A．a, b, c B．a, c, d C．a, b, d D．b, c, d
    小题3:From the passage, we can learn the word “canyon” is from _____.
    A．American dialect B．African dialect
    C．SpanishD．French
    小题4:The third paragraph mainly talks about _____.
    A．English colonies in North America
    B．the development of American English
    C．other languages influence on American English
    D．the difference between American English and British English
    小题5: The underlined word “froze” can best be replaced by _____.
    A．remained unchangedB．disappeared
    C．improvedD．kept active

    小题1:A
    小题2:D
    小题3:C
    小题4:B
    小题5:A

    试题分析：本文着重讲述了在几个不同的国家的英语上存在着很大的差异，并分析了具体的原因。
    小题1:细节题：从第二段的句子：Early Modern English and Late Modern English are mostly different in the number of words.可知早期的英语和现代英语的不同主要是词汇上的，选A
    小题2:细节题：从第二段的句子：First, the Industrial Revolution (工业革命) led to the need for new words. Second, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries. 可知现代英语词汇量的增加主要是因为工业化革命，和其他国家的接触，根据第三段的句子：From around 1600, the English colonization (殖民地化) of North America led to American English.可知还有一个原因是殖民化，选D
    小题3:细节题：从第三段的句子：Spanish also had an influence (影响) on American English. For example, words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante are from Spanish. 可知crayon这个单词是来自西班牙语，选C
    小题4:段落大意题：从第三段的句子：From around 1600, the English colonization (殖民地化) of North America led to American English.可知这段讲的是美式英语的发展，选B
    小题5:猜词题：从第三段的句子：In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. 一些美式英语有点象莎士比亚时期的英语，说明当英语来到这些殖民地的时候就不再变化了，故该词指的是保持原样。选A
    练习册系列答案
    年级 高中课程 年级 初中课程
    高一 高一免费课程推荐！ 初一 初一免费课程推荐！
    高二 高二免费课程推荐！ 初二 初二免费课程推荐！
    高三 高三免费课程推荐！ 初三 初三免费课程推荐！
    相关习题

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    National parks in the UK are a wonder to see, run by the National Trust, a non-profit charity which maintains Great Britain's historical and natural landscapes. Britain's park Authority has made planning restrictions to protect these wilderness areas in housing and commercial activities.
    Mainland England and Wales have the largest number of protected parks. The first established area was the l,438 kilometer Peak District. The first national park lies in northern and central England. The Peak District with vast beauty is thought to be the world's most visited national park after Japan's Mount Fuji.
    In the northwest area of Wales lies Snowdonia National Park. This attractive, mysterious ancient landscape is home to steep mountains. Walking trails to Mount Snowdon is only one of several exciting activities for hikers.
    National parks in the UK can also boast of having Britain's largest protected wetland "The Broad", just outside the village of Homing. An ideal spot for families, this 200-mile area combines waterways with an interesting intersection(交叉) of windmills, castles and an ancient Normal church.
    Spreading across 885 miles of truly impressive rocky land is Lake District National Park. England's largest park attraction is spread between Edinburgh to the north and Manchester to the south. Although the land itself seems wild, almost 40,000 people live within the park. Within this district's vast borders we can find over 6,000 archaeological(考古的) sites and monuments dating back to prehistory.
    The United Kingdom has taken great care to preserve its wilderness areas for the future generations, and all the parks are adventures waiting to De found which can be enjoyed by both natives and visitors.
    小题1:Who is in charge of the National parks in the UK? (no more than 3 words)
    小题2:According to the passage, which is thought to be the world's most visited national park? (no more than 5 words)
    小题3:If you want to see ancient monuments, where would you go? (no more than 4 words)
    小题4:For whom are the wild areas preserved in the UK? (no more than 4 words)
    小题5:What's the text mainly about? (no more than 6 words)

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    People often say that money talks. They mean that a person with a lot of money can say how he or she wants things done. But it is not easy to earn enough money to gain this kind of power. Ask anyone in a business, they will tell you that it is a jungle out there. The expression probably began because the jungle is filled with wild animals and unknown dangers that threaten people. Sometimes people in business feel competing businesses are as dangerous as wild animals. And they feel that unknown dangers in the business world frighten the survival of their business.
    People in business have to be careful, if they are to survive the jungle out there. They must not be led into making bogus investments. Bogus means something that it is not real. Nobody is sure how the word got started. But it began to appear in a American newspapers in 1800s. A newspaper in Boston Massachusetts said the word came from a criminal whose name was Bogazy. The newspaper said Bogazy wrote checks to people, although he did not have enough money in the bank. After he wrote the checks, he would flee from town. So people who were paid with his checks received nothing. The newspaper said Americans shortened and changed to the criminal's name Bogazy to bogus.
    People try to earn money also must be aware of being ripped off. A person who is ripped off has had something stolen or at least has been treated very unfairly. A writer for the magazine American Speech said he first saw the expression used in 1971. It was on a sign that a student carried during a protest demonstration at a university. The message on the sign was that the student felt ripped off or cheated. Perhaps the best way to prevent getting ripped off in business is to not try to get rich quickly.
    To be successful, a person in business works hard and tries to get down to brass tacks. This expression means to get to the bottom or most important part of something. For example, a salesman may talk and talk about his product without saying the price. You get down to brass tacks when you say it sounds good but how much does it cost？
    Word expert Charles Funk thinks the expression comes from sailors on ships. They clean the bottom of a boat. When they have removed all the dirt, they are down to the brass tacks, the copper pieces that hold the boat together. So if we get down to brass tacks, we can prevent rip-offs and bogus ways of earning money in that jungle out there. And some good luck will help too.
    小题1:This passage is mainly written to________.
    A．explain several expressions related to money
    B．tell us some skills of learning English words
    C．tell us the secret of how to do business
    D．tell us the power of money
    小题2:People compare doing business to being in a jungle because________.
    A．doing business is as exciting as living in a jungle
    B．businessmen are as dangerous as animals in a jungle
    C．doing business is as difficult as living in a jungle
    D．businessmen are as careful as people living in a jungle
    小题3:If we say something is bogus, we probably mean it is not________.
    A．realB．beautifulC．goodD．new
    小题4:According to Paragraph 2,where did the word "bogus" come from? _________
    A．The name of a very successful businessman.
    B．The name of a criminal who cheated others.
    C．The name of a famous newspaper in Boston.
    D．The name of a check written by a criminal.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    It is one of the most annoying words in the English language and it seems there is no escaping it. The word “huh?” is in worldwide use, a study found.
    Researchers discovered that languages spoken in countries from Ghana and Laos to Iceland and Italy all include “huh?”, or something that sounds very like it. They said that while the study may sound silly, the word is an absolutely necessary part of speech. Without it and similar words, it would be impossible to show that we haven’t heard or understood what had been said and this would lead to constant misunderstandings.
    But while other words used in the same context, such as “sorry” or “what”, vary widely across languages, “huh?” remains unchanged.
    The Dutch researchers carefully studied ten languages from around the world, including Siwu, which is spoken in Ghana, and an Australian Aboriginal language, as well as Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Mandarin Chinese.
    They analysed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like “huh?” and were used to request that whatever had just been said be repeated. All contained a version of “huh?”. The word was also found in another 21 languages. While there were subtle differences in each country, all sounded basically the same.
    This is surprising because normally unrelated languages will use very different words to describe the same thing. For instance, the Japanese for “dog” is “inu”, while the French is “chien”. It is thought that languages around the world have developed their own version of “huh?” because the sound is quick and simple to form, as well as being easily understood.
    The researchers, said that it might seem unimportant to carry out scientific research into a word like “huh?” but in fact this little word is an essential tool in human communication. They also have an answer for those who claim that “huh?” isn’t a word. They say that it qualifies because of the small differences in its pronunciation in different languages. It also can be considered a word because it’s something we learn to say, rather than a grunt or cry that we are born knowing how to make.
    小题1: According to researchers, the word “huh?” is very important in speech because of ________.
    A．its stable meaning in language development
    B．its important function in communication
    C．its simple and easy sound and spelling
    D．its popularity in every language
    小题2:What is the natural response if you hear the lady you’re speaking to say “huh?”?
    A．You should ask her to repeat what she says before that.
    B．You should apologize to her for speaking in a low voice.
    C．You should invite her to share her different views politely.
    D．You should try to repeat what you’ve just said in a clearer way.
    小题3:The main method used in the research of “huh?” was ________.
    A．interviewing language experts in universities
    B．talking with people from ten different countries
    C．analyzing the recorded conversations in different languages
    D．comparing different words with the same meaning in different languages
    小题4:According to researchers, “huh?” should be considered a word rather than a sound because ________.
    A．it is listed in most dictionaries
    B．it is something humans learn to say
    C．there is a clear and consistent spelling of the word
    D．there is a big difference in the way it pronounces in different languages
    小题5:What is the purpose of the passage?
    A．To inform readers about research on the worldwide used word “huh?”.
    B．To argue that “huh?” is the most important word in every language.
    C．To entertain readers by relating similar idioms in different languages.
    D．To instruct readers of the differences of “huh?” in different languages.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The world’s native languages are dying out at an unprecedented(空前的) rate, taking with them irreplaceable(不能替代的) knowledge about the natural world, according to a new study.
    The study identified five global “hot spots” where languages are vanishing faster than anywhere else ---- eastern Siberia, northern Australia, central South America, the US state of Oklahoma and the US Pacific Northwest. “Languages are suffering a global extinction crisis that greatly goes beyond the pace of species extinction,” linguistics(语言学的) professor David Harrison noted, who said half of the world’s 7,000 languages were expected to disappear before the end of the century.
    Native people had an intimate(详尽的) knowledge of their environment that was lost when their language disappeared, along with other certain things often unfamiliar to us, Harrison stressed. “Most of what we know about species and ecosystems is not written down anywhere, it’s only in people’s heads,” he said. “We are seeing in front of our eyes the loss of the human knowledge base.”
    Harrison was one of a team of linguists who carried out the study. The researchers traveled to Australia this year to study native languages, some of the most endangered. According to Harrison, in Australia, they were heartened to see a woman in her 80s who was one of the only three remaining speakers of the Yawuru language passing on her knowledge to schoolchildren. He said such inter-generational exchanges were the only way native languages could survive. “The children had elected to take this course, no one forced them,” he said. “When we asked them why they were learning it, they said,‘This is a dying language, we need to learn it’.” Also, while there they found a man with knowledge of the  Amurdag  language, which had previously been thought extinct.
    The researchers said all five of the hot spots identified were areas that had been successfully colonized and where a dominant language such as Spanish or English was threatening native tongues.
    小题1:What does this text mainly talk about?
    A．A study on native languages endangered.
    B．The knowledge of native languages.
    C．People’s efforts in saving native languages.
    D．Harrison and his study on languages.
    小题2:The underlined word“vanishing”in the second paragraph can be best replaced by        .
    A．developingB．changingC．increasingD．Disappearing
    小题3:According to Harrison, language extinction        .
    A．causes the researchers lots of worries
    B．speeds up the pace of species extinction
    C．threatens the existing of Spanish and English
    D．brings about a loss of knowledge about the environment
    小题4:Which of the following can be described as good news?
    A．Native languages became less endangered in Australia.
    B．A man was found with knowledge of the Amurdag language.
    C．Researchers were well received by native people in Australia.
    D．Many schoolchildren showed interest in the Yawuru language.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Melbourne, with a population of over 3.5 million, is the second largest city in Australia. It is clean, safe, dynamic and exciting, and well known internationally for its universities and other educational institutions. The city has well-planned tree-lined wide streets and many beautiful parks and gardens. It has a good transport system of roads, buses, trains, and trams. The La Trobe University campus is connected to the Central Business District by trams, express buses, and bus and train connections. Melbourne is a culturally rich city, and is home to large communities of people from all parts of Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The city is famous for its restaurants, theatres, music, opera, ballet, art, culture, and shops, and a lively and dynamic nightlife. Melbourne people are fond of sports, and the city hosts many famous international sports events. Near Melbourne there are beautiful coastlines with excellent beaches, national parks, forests, wineries (葡萄酒厂), winter snowfields and summer resorts. The climate is temperate and comfortable, with warm summers and cool winters. In summer, maximum daytime temperatures range from 26°C to 36°C, and in winter from 12°C to 18°C. The weather in Melbourne can be variable from day to day. Melbourne was rated the world's best city to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit.
    小题1: Melbourne is well-known in the world for its _____.
    A．large populationB．educational institutions
    C．transport systemD．beautiful parks and gardens
    小题2:According to the passage, Melbourne is a city where _____.
    A．rich people choose to liveB．the best wine is produced
    C．various cultures existD．Asian food is popular
    小题3:The underlined word “temperate” most probably means _____.
    A．hotB．mildC．dryD．cold
    小题4:The best title for the passage might be _____.
    A．An Ideal Place for ShoppingB．A City with the Best Climate
    C．The World's Best City to Live inD．The World's Most Beautiful City

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Anyone for kimchi(韩国泡菜)？ Around 2,000 women made the traditional dish last week in Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea(ROK).
    More than 270 tons of kimchi were produced and handed out to needy neighbours.
    In the ROK, kimchi is more than a dish to be eaten with every meal, even though Koreans are said to eat about 40 pounds(around 18kg) of kimchi per person each year.
    According to Korean.net, the country’s official multilingual website, kimchi represents
    “the spirit” of the Koreans.
    Kimchi traditionally has a rosy color. Korea.net says: “The color red wards off (避开) evil spirits. The color represents the spirit of the Korean people and kimchi is more than just a food. It’s a culture.”
    A meal without kimchi is unthinkable. So what is kimchi?
    Joan Raymond, food writer for US website health.com, writes: “It’s a reddish, fermented (发酵的) cabbage dish , made with a mix of garlic salt, vinegar, chili peppers and other spices.
    It is served at every meal, either along with or mixed with rice and noodles. It is part of a high-fiber, low fat diet, which has kept obesity(肥胖) at bay.”
    Kimchi is used in everything from soups to pancakes and as a topping (配料) on pizza and burgers.
    Health.com named kimchi in its list of the world’s top five healthiest foods as it is rich in vitamins, aids digestion and may even reduce the risk of cancer.
    A study conducted by Seoul National University claimed that chickens infected with the H5N1 virus (bird flu) recovered after eating food containing the same bacteria found in kimchi.
    When Koreans pose for photos, they say “kimchi”, instead of “cheese”.
    小题1:According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE?
    A．Kimchi contains something that can kill the H5N1 virus.
    B．Kimchi is rated as the healthiest food in the world.
    C．Kimchi is a cultural treasure for Koreans.
    D．Each person eats 40 pounds of kimchi per month.
    小题2:What does the underlined phrase “keep... at bay” mean?
    A．predictB．preventC．overcomeD．develop
    小题3:What does the article mainly talk about?
    A．The nutritional value of kimchi.
    B．Ways of making kimchi.
    C．The origin of kimchi.
    D．Kimchi and what it means to Koreans.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Although in the 17th century in the United States fine art and folk art had similar qualities, a difference between them began to appear as time went on in the 18th and 19th centuries artists with ambition studied abroad and came back to paint portraits(肖像) of upper-class families in American society. The less ambitious or less fortunate artists traveled around their own areas and created pictures of countryside society. Anyway, artists got trained and those simple creations improved a lot.
    Around 1930，folk art began to take on a new meaning and was considered as an expression of a small cultural class. Folk art is never the product of art movements, but comes out of craft traditions. This art is based not on measurements or calculations and rarely goes with the standards of realism. It goes straight to the bases of art which the folk artists feel naturally.
    The period 1930~ 1960 was the time when folk artists began to receive recognition. They often began their art careers late in life and used art as an outlet（出口） for their energy. Their materials were cheap and simple, their subjects were different, but their creativity flowed. Doing their own things became the norm（标准）, and was what made folk art so desirable.
    Although it is hard to define folk art, one thing is certain --- it touches us in a special way because the artists show us how he or she brought beauty into their everyday life. Since folk artists come from all walks of life, each piece of art created is one of a kind, emphasizing color, simplicity of line and brave, simple form. Most importantly, it exemplifies（作为…的例子） the history of American life.
    小题1:What similar qualities did folk art and fine art probably have in the 17th century?
    A．They were both simple creations.
    B．The artists of both focused on family life.
    C．The artists of both came from the lower class.
    D．They were both gifted creations by trained artists.
    小题2: What was folk art around 1930 based on according to the second paragraph?
    A．The traditions of the upper class.
    B．The progress of art in that period.
    C．The standards of realism.
    D．The feelings of the artists.
    小题3:Which of the following statements can be used to describe the works of folk artists?
    A．They are difficult to understand.
    B．They help artists let out their energy.
    C．They show pictures of unreal life.
    D．They are similar to one another.
    小题4:Why did folk art become popular during the period from 1930 to 1960?
    A．It offered artists the freedom of expression.
    B．Artists didn’t need to spend much on materials.
    C．Other kinds of art couldn’t express the beauty of life.
    D．Artists could express their dissatisfaction towards society.
    小题5:The author’s purpose in writing the text is to ___________. 
    A．speak highly of folk art
    B．compare folk art and fine art
    C．explain the history and characteristics of folk art in America
    D．explain the development and changes of American art

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Songkran（泰国泼水节）is the traditional Thai New Year that starts on April 13 annually. It’s also callled the “Water Festival” because people believe that water will wash away bad luck and make people fresh. 
    On the day, we spinkle洒small drops of water to bless monks and elders. Their hands are spinkled with perfumed(有香味的) water. In addition, this festival is for rain because it is the hottest season. 
    Nowadays, during the Songkran Festival, people always wet down everybody who walks past their houses or walks down the streets with cups or buckets水桶 of water. Everyone gets wet, but it is all in a spirit of friendliness, blessing and fun. People who get wet actually do not get angry because they know that it is traditional.
    People will go to the temples to bathe沐浴Buddha images佛像and give special food to the monks. People do good things such as fish or birds and other animals released释放from their cages. On this day, everywhere in Thailand, people celebrate and enjoy the festival, especiallly in the northern part of Thailand. 
    We can see many foreigners join in the events and enjoyed this festival with Thais. Everybody also enjoys public events such as beauty contests, parades游行, and marching bands. 游行乐队
    The Water Festival gives us freshness, happiness and fun because the weather is very hot. I hope everyone will travel to Thailand and enjoy this festival.
    小题1:The traditional Thai New Year ________.
    A．is celebrated at the beginning of each year.
    B．comes three months before that of each countries.
    C．is celebrated in a special way with its own activities.
    D．is the same as in other parts of the world.
    小题2:People sprinkle water during the Songkran Festival, because they______.
    A．have nothing else to do
    B．believe it will bring good luck
    C．have too much water in their country
    D．want to use water to fight with each other.
    小题3:When Thai New Year comes, people think it ________ to make others wet through.
    A．traditionalB．unfriendlyC．curiousD．strange
    小题4:Besides sprinkling water, people also_______ in this festival.
    A．invite honorable foreign guests to join in them
    B．give freedom to some animals
    C．attend rich feasts宴会 and have fun with others
    D．bathe together to wash away bad luck

    查看答案和解析>>

    同步练习册答案