Question

【题目】SummaryWriting

Sociologists have long recognized that organization of less than 200individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members.Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting lessflexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting fromfailures of communication.

One solution to this problem would, of course, be tostructure large organizations into smaller units of a size that can act as agroup. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, largerorganizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 willnever of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization.Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build directpersonal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be ableto communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal astructure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.

The importance of this was drawn to my attention twoyears ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it sohappened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The wholeprocess worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they weremoved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the workseemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.

It was some time before they work out what the problemwas. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building,they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunchtimes was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, theyaccidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the wholeorganization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gatheredinformally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information wascasually being exchanged.

Answer 1

【答案】According to sociologists, larger organizations may function poorly for lack offree flow of information. To solve this problem, we can divide them intosmaller groups and encourage individuals to communicate casually and directly.The removal of a coffee room is a typical example, showing how important closesocial networks are to a company’s smooth operation.

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。要求写一篇概要。

本文是一篇文章概括总结。概写要求把文章所表达的重点内容准确地概括出来，要全面，不能片面。这篇文章论述的是社会学家早就认识到，只有不到200人的组织可以通过成员之间的信息自由流动来运作。一旦它们的规模超出了这个数字，这些组织就变得不那么灵活了。因此，似乎有必要防止沟通失败导致的完全混乱。关于这个问题，文章介绍了解决的方法。它覆盖了所有内容，语言精练，层次分明，要点突出，文中使用高级句子。To solve this problem, we can divide them intosmaller groups and encourage individuals to communicate casually and directly.动词不定式在句中做目的状语和宾语补足语；The removal of a coffee room is a typical example, showing how important closesocial networks are to a company’s smooth operation.句中使用现在分词做伴随状语。