Baekeland and Hartmann report that the short sleepers had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 0r so, the men voluntarily began cutting 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Baekeland and Hartmann report that the " short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 0r so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to regard their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these "short sleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic and cheerful. They stuck to their opinions, and were very sure about their job choices..They often held several jobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or " acceptable" to their friends and colleagues.
When asked to remember their dreams, the " short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. Similarly, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was not to admit that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the " short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic (躁狂者).
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hanmann report that these young men have been lengthy sleepers since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concemed when sometimes they didn't have their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to remember their dreams much better than the " short sleepers". Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, quiet, nervous, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves ( particularly in social situations) . Several openly stated that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
小题1:From the passage, we can leam that .

A．"short sleepers" need less sleep by nature

B．"long sleepers" sleep a longer period of time during the day

C．many "long sleepers" preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood

D．many " short sleepers" have to reduce their nightly sleep time because of busy work

小题2:Many "short sleepers" are likely to hold the view that _____.

A．sleep is a good way to escape from the reality

B．sleep is not so important as their daily activities

C．sleep affects their judgment on some important things

D．sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles

小题3: It can be learned from the passage that the"short sleepers" _____.

A．do not know how to relax properly

B．are more unlikely to run into mental problems

C．are full of energy even under the pressures of life

D．often pay little attention to the consequences of inadequate sleep

小题4: When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the "long sleepers" might ______.

A．appear disturbed	B．become energetic
C．feel dissatisfied	D．be extremely unhappy

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A

试题分析：贝克尔和哈特曼报道了“睡眠少的人”和“睡眠多的人”的区别，“睡眠少的人”为了工作，学习会减少睡眠时间，这也会对他们造成不良影响，“睡眠多的人”的人认为睡眠很重要，是摆脱每天烦恼的一种方式。
小题1:细节题：从第五段的句子：The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hanmann report that these young men have been lengthy sleepers since childhood. 可知“睡眠多的人”情形则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，这些年轻人从小的时候开始，有抱负的睡眠就一直很长。选C
小题2:细节题：从第一段的句子：These men tended to regard their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.可知睡眠短的人认为睡眠没有日常活动重要。选B
小题3:细节题：从第三段的句子：Similarly, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was not to admit that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.可知睡眠短的人不注意睡眠不足的后果。选D。
小题4:细节题：从最后一段的句子：and were quite concemed when sometimes they didn't have their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.可知睡眠长的人好像注重睡眠，不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所需的9个小时夜间卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。选A

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