Question

An apprenticeship is a form of on-the-job training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. It can last anywhere from one to six years, but four years is typical for most. An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman--someone who has done the job for many years. The rest of the apprentice's time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires. Being an apprentice is a full-time undertaking.
One of the advantages of apprenticeship is that it does not cost apprentices anything. The companies that hire them pay for school. What's more, it offers apprentices an "earn while you learn" opportunity. They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. Near the end of the apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. Apprenticeship also pays off for employers. It can offer employers a pool of well-trained workers to draw from.
Despite the advantages, apprentices are usually required to work during the day and attend classes at night, which leaves little time for anything else. Sometimes, they might be laid off(下岗) if business for the employers is slow.
Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. Some journeymen continue employment with the companies they apprenticed with; others go onto different companies or become self-employed contractors.

Answer 1

小题1:Apprenticeship
小题2:classroom learning
小题3:the majority
小题4:theoretical
小题5:at the beginning
小题6:a journeyman’s wages
小题7:many well-trained workers
小题8:being laid off
小题9:Results
小题10: another pay increase

试题分析：
小题1:Apprenticeship 本题为综合理解　第一自然段解析了什么是apprenticeship，第二自然段说明了其优点，第三段说明了其不足，故文章是围绕apprenticeship而展开的。
小题2:classroom learning本题为细节理解题　答案源于An apprenticeship is a form of on-the-job training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. 学徒是一种把工作经历和课堂学习结合起来在工作中得到培训的形式。
小题3:the majority本题为细节理解题根据An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills----，可知答案应为the majority
小题4:theoretical本题为细节理解题由本句The rest of the apprentice's time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires.可得出答案。其余时间是在课堂上渡过的，学习工作中所要求的理论技能。
小题5:at the beginning本题为细节理解题由They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies.可知，是在刚开始的时候-----。
小题6:a journeyman’s wages本题为细节理解题　由their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive.可知答案。他们的工资是一个熟练工人所得工资的百分之九十。
小题7:many well-trained workers　本题为细节理解题　答案来源：It can offer employers a pool of well-trained workers to draw from.
小题8:being laid off本题为细节理解题文章的倒数第二自然段可以得出答案。（they might be laid off(下岗) if business for the employers is slow.）对于雇主来说，如果生意进行得太慢，他们也许会下岗。
小题9:Results本题为理解总结题　一旦他们完成了apprenticeship,就可以成为journeyman,可以领到证还可以增加收入，故应为结果result.
小题10:another pay increase　本题为细节理解题　答案来源：heir pay also increases again