练习册

  • 练习册
  • 试题
    精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
    PEOPLE who have had a painful experience may wish they could wipe the memory from their minds. Researchers at Johns Hopkins University, US, say that this may someday be possible.
    A drug remains far off, but researchers have laid a foundation with their discovery that proteins can be removed from the brain’s fear center to cut memories forever.
    Previous research had already shown that a special behavior therapy (治疗) could cut painful memories. But relapse (复发) was possible because the memory hadn’t necessarily disappeared.
    By looking at that process, Richard Huganir and Roger Clem, two researchers from Johns Hopkins University, discovered a “window of vulnerability (脆弱的窗口)” when proteins are created. The proteins help signals travel within the brain as painful memories are made. Because the proteins are unstable, they can be easily removed with drugs or behavior therapy to cut memories.
    Researchers used mice to find the window, but think the process would be the same in humans. They used electric shocks to make the mice fear a certain sound. The sound triggered (触发) the creation of the proteins, called calcium-permeable (钙通透性) AMPARS, which formed for a day or two in the fear centers of the mice’s brains.
    The researchers are working on ways to reopen the window by recalling (唤醒) the painful memory and using drugs to remove the protein. They published their report online last month in Science Express.
    Their research has drawn interest and concern from experts in mental healthcare.
    Kate Farinholt, a mental health expert with the National Alliance on Mental Illness, Maryland, US, said many people suffering from a painful event might benefit from erasing a memory. “Erasing a memory and then everything bad built on that is an amazing idea, and I can see all sorts of potential ,” she said.
    But there are a lot of unanswered questions, too.
    “Completely deleting a memory is a little scary. How do you remove a memory without removing a part of someone’s life,” Farinholt said. “And is it best to do that, considering that people grow and learn from their experiences?”
    小题1:What have researchers at Johns Hopkins University found recently?  
    A．A new drug to erase painful memories from human brains.
    B．A special behavior therapy to erase painful memories.
    C．Removing certain proteins from the brain can wipe painful memories.
    D．Erasing memory damages a patient’s brain functions.
    小题2:What makes it possible to erase painful memories according to Paragraph 4? 
    A．The way the brain cells are created.
    B．The unstable character of the proteins in the brain.
    C．The strength of the signals the proteins send.
    D．The drugs that can stop the formation of memories.
    小题3:Which of the following shows the stages of the process done on mice? 
    a. removal of fear proteins            b. making mice fear a certain sound
    c. fear proteins created in mice brains   d. making mice recall painful memories
    A．a-b-c-dB．d-a-c-bC．b-c-d-aD．c-b-d-a
    小题4:What is Kate Farinholt’s opinion of the research? 
    A．People may lose the chance to learn from their bad experiences.
    B．The research will be a great breakthrough in treating painful memories.
    C．People could suffer long-term memory loss.
    D．People could forget happy memories as well.

    小题1:C
    小题1:B
    小题1:C
    小题1:A

    小题1:根据第一段PEOPLE who have had a painful experience may wish they could wipe the memory from their minds. Researchers at Johns Hopkins University, US, say that this may someday be possible.及下文描述,可知选C.
    小题1:根据本段The proteins help signals travel within the brain as painful memories are made. Because the proteins are unstable, they can be easily removed with drugs or behavior therapy to cut memories.本段描述,可知选B.
    小题1:根据第五六段描述,可知正确顺序为首先让老鼠害怕某种声音,然后老鼠大脑中产生恐惧蛋白质,再然后唤起老鼠痛苦的回忆,最后移除恐惧蛋白质.选C.
    小题1:根据短文最后一段描述,可知这位心理健康专家认为,在忘记对痛苦的回忆之后,人们也丧失了从中学习经验的机会,故选A.
    练习册系列答案
    年级 高中课程 年级 初中课程
    高一 高一免费课程推荐！ 初一 初一免费课程推荐！
    高二 高二免费课程推荐！ 初二 初二免费课程推荐！
    高三 高三免费课程推荐！ 初三 初三免费课程推荐！
    相关习题

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    XIANGNING, Shanxi - The number of people trapped underground after a coal mine flooding in north China's Shanxi Province was revised -- for a second time -- to 153 from 123, rescuers said late Sunday night.
    Investigations showed that 261 workers were in the pit of Wangjialing Coal Mine under construction when underground water gushed in at about 1:40 pm. Of them, 108 were lifted safely to the ground while 153 others trapped in the shaft, according to the rescue headquarters.
    Most of the trapped are migrant workers from Shanxi, Hebei, Hunan and Guizhou provinces," a rescuer said.
    The exact number of people trapped is still being checked.
    Soon after the accident happened, the Shanxi Provincial Work Safety Administration and the Shanxi Provincial Emergency Affairs Office said 152 people were trapped underground, but officials later changed the figure to 123.
    Rescuers are struggling to save the trapped people, and local authorities are investigating the cause of the accident.
    President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao ordered local authorities to spare no effort to save the trapped while guarding against secondary accidents.
    Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang rushed to the site late Sunday to oversee the search and rescue operation.
    The mine, sitting astride Xiangning County of Linfen City and Hejin City of Yuncheng City, covers about 180 square kilometers.
    The mining zone boasts more than 2.3 billion tonnes of coal reserves, including nearly 1.04 billion tonnes of proved reserves, according to the company's official website.It is now under infrastructure construction and is expected to produce 6 million tonnes of coal annually once put into operation.
    The mine, affiliated to the state-owned Huajin Coking Coal Co. Ltd., is a major project approved by the provincial government.
    小题1:At least how many people were trapped underground according to the latest report?
    A．123B．153C．261D．152
    小题2:Most of the worked trapped are from __________. Which of the following answers is WRONG?
    A．ShanxiB．HunanC．GuizhouD．Hefei
    小题3:What’s the cause of this accident?
    A．The underground water gushed
    B．The coal mine was under construction
    C．It is still being investigated by the local authorities
    D．The passage does not mention it at all
    小题4:According to the passage, which of the following statement is right? _________
    A. The local authorities fully support the rescue work
    B. Vice premier Zhang Dejiang rushed to the site early Sunday to oversee the search
    C. The Wangjialing Coal Mine can produce 6 million tonnes of coal each year now
    D．The coal mine is a major project approved by the country.
    40. What’s the best title of the passage?_________
    A. Number of people trapped in China colliery(煤矿) flooding revised to 153
    B．The Wangjiajing Coal Mine
    C．Rescue work
    D. Who are to blame?

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Chinese tennis player Li Na didn’t win the Australian Open Championship on Saturday, but she still made the history books.
    Li, who lost to Kim Clijsters of Belgium in three sets (3-6, 6-3, 6-3), is the first player from China to make it to a Grand Slam final.
    The boss defeated a bit of the feel-good story for China and for Li, who on Thursday defeated No. 1 player Caroline Wozniacki in the semifinals in Melbourne. Li is ranked fifth.
    In an interview Li said she was proud of her effort. “I think I play great tennis,” she said. “ I mean, she plays better than me. After the match, I make a joke: tennis should only play one set.”
    Bai Yan, a member of China’s men’s national team member and Li Na’s friend, said the loss was disappointing, but still a bright starting point.
    “To tell you the truth I feel a little bit down, all of us. But you know she is still the best, and she’s still our hero in everybody’s eyes,” said Bai. “This is just the start.”.
    Win or lose, Li’s appearance in the Australian Open finals was seen as a major victory for tennis in China, where badminton and table tennis rules.
    Fans across China gathered to watch the match. Li’s mother joined fans at a restaurant in her hometown of Wuhan. In Bejing, fans crowded together to watch China’s national tennis match.
    “ Tennis is still relatively a new sport in China,” said Michael Chang, the Chinese-American who was the first Asian grand slam champion, in an interview with CNN. “ To be able to see Li Na have as much success as she has… this could be the start of something very special for tennis in China.”
    “Li will definitely change the sport of tennis in China and that is a great thing,” Chang said.
    小题1: What’s the main idea of the passage?
    A．Chinese tennis star Li Na’s tennis career.
    B．A fierce tennis match at Australian Open.
    C．Chinese tennis star made history at Australian Open.
    D．Chinese tennis remained to be tested and challenged.
    小题2: Which is true according to the passage?
    A．Li Na’s failure let the Chinese down.
    B．Li Na ranked fifth at Australian Open.
    C．LI Na’s mother attended the match with her.
    D．Li Na made a new starting point of China
    小题3:What’s the meaning of the underlined words “tennis should only play one set” (Para 4)?
    A．Li Na was not satisfied with the rule of tennis match.
    B．Li Na was not satisfied with her own performance.
    C．Li Na had a bad opinion of Clijsters.
    D．Li Na took pride in her effort.
    小题4:According to what Chang said in the last two paragraphs, we can imply that ________.
    A．it’s normal that Li Na failed because tennis is a new sport in China
    B．Li Na has the advantage to change tennis sport in China
    C．China still falls behind other countries in tennis sport
    D．Li Na has great difficulty in defeating others because of weak ability

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    China Daily Oct. 11----The ministry of Health has called for more awareness from the public on the mental health of the young, as part of efforts to make World Mental Health Day which fell on Friday.
    More than 15 percent of Chinese youths have been found with mental problems, and about 30 million young people under 17 are suffering from depression, the Shang-based Wenhui Daily reported. The World Health Organization estimates that before 2020, the rate of children with mental problems will increase to 50 percent, and mental problems will become a major factor behind deaths and illness in the young worldwide.
    Deng  Xiaohong, the spokesperson for the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, said rapid changes are one of the reasons behind the rising number of youngsters with psychological problems. If these mental diseases are not addressed on time, occurrence of crimes, drug-taking and other dangerous behavior are expected to rise. Experts said mental diseases could be caused by many factors, such as the inability to handle interpersonal relations well, unstable emotions and pressures from an overload of studies. A number of experts have also said the one-child policy is another reason leading to poor mental health in the young. Children are said to be too “ spoiled” and “selfish” in a one-child family.
    It’s reported  schools in many cities are rolling out measures to help students maintain their mental well-being. Yin Jingmiao, a teacher of the Beijing No.105 Middle School, told China Daily that the school invites psychologists to provide counseling to students three times a month.”  Students can be arranged to have 40-minute counseling sessions,” Yin said. The school also gives lectures on mental health to senior grade students before they take the national college entrance exams to help ease any anxiety arising from the tests.
    小题1:Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
    A．Efforts to Mark World Mental Health Day
    B．Seriousness of Youngsters’ Mental Health Problems
    C．How to Maintain Mental Well-being
    D．Public Awareness on Youngsters’ Mental Disease Expected
    小题2:The writer intends to tell us in the second paragraph that________
    A．mental health problems of the young are becoming a popular problem.
    B．only young people are suffering from mental health problems.
    C．mental problems will become as serious as deaths and illness.
    D．the rate of children with mental problems will increase to 50 percent.
    小题3:Which could be the consequence if the problem is left untreated?
    A．Inability to handle interpersonal relations.B．Unstable emotions
    C．Drug-taking and other dangerous behaviorD．Rapid social changes
    小题4:Why is the Beijing No.105 Middle School mentioned in the passage?
    A．To provide the students with counseling sessions.
    B．To give an example showing how mental problems are dealt with.
    C．To help ease the anxiety arising from the national college entrance exams
    D．To call on other schools to learn from the No.105 Middle School

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Somali pirates(海盗) robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l,200 Miles off the Somali coast，the farthest-off-shore attack to date，an officer said Tuesday.
    Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻) by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force，said a spokesman．
    The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”．
    “Once they start attacking that far out，you’re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia,” said an officer，Roger Middleton．“Once you’re that far out, it's just the Indian Ocean，and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia，from Asia to South Africa.”
    "This is the farthest robbing to date．They are now operating near the Maldives and India,” said another officer．
    The three ships--the MV Prantalay 11，12，and l 4—had 77 members on board in total．All of them are Thai, the spokesman said．Before the Sunday robbing，pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors．
    Pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes of catching more dollar payments. Because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships，the success rate(率)has gone down，though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.
    小题1:The pirate attack reported in the text happened           ．
    A．far out in the Indian Ocean
    B．in the normal patrol area
    C．near the Somali, coast
    D．in the south of Africa
    小题2:According to the text, which can best describe the situation of the pirate problems?
    A．More goods on board are lost.
    B．Pirate attacks happen in a larger area now.
    C．The number of attacks has stayed the same these years.
    D．Pirate attacks are as serious as before along the Somali coast.
    小题3:Which is true about the warship patrols according to the text?
    A．The patrols are of little effect.
    B．The patrols are more difficult.
    C．More patrols are quite necessary even in Asia.
    D．The patrols only drive the pirates to other areas.
    小题4:How many sailors were held by the pirates before the time of the report?
    A．228.B．77.C．383.D．305.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    This is the VOA Special English Education Report. A few weeks ago, we talked about the Test of English as a Foreign Language, or TOEFL. A listener in Cambodia named Thida asks if American colleges and universities also accept the IELTS exam. IELTS is the International English Language Testing System. It was developed by the University of Cambridge ESOL examiners.
    Cambridge ESOL says the test measures true-to-life ability to communicate in English for education, immigration or employment. The IELTS tests listening, reading, writing and speaking skills. It uses a mixture of accents and spellings, including British English and American English.
    The test is used by government agencies, schools and professional organizations in one hundred and twenty countries. And, yes, that includes the United States. The many American schools that accepted the IELTS can be found on the Web at felts.org.
    Some schools accept both the TOEFL and the IELTS, but the graduate school at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, for example, says it prefers the IEITS.
    The listening and speaking parts are the same for everyone who takes the IELTS, but people have a choice of reading and writing tests -- either academic or general training.
    The listening test takes thirty minutes. There are forty questions based on a recording. The reading test takes sixty minutes. Students answer forty questions based on three written passages.
    The writing test also takes sixty minutes. Students have to write two essays. One essay has to be at least one hundred and fifty words long and the other at least two hundred and fifty words. The shorter one is description of something; the longer one has to support and argument.
    The speaking test takes less than fifteen minutes. The score is based on a recorded talk between the student and a test examiner.
    And that's the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Nancy Steinbach. If you have a general question for our series, write to special@voanews.com. I'm Barbara Klein.
    小题1:What does TOEFL stand for?
    A．The Voice of AmericaB．The International English Language Testing System
    C．The Test of English as a Foreign Language
    D．The Test of English as a Native Language
    小题2:The International English Language Testing System commonly takes _______ in all.
    A．less than 160 minutesB．more than 165 minutes
    C．no more than 160 minutesD．less than 166 minutes
    小题3: According to the passage, we can infer _______.
    A．IELTS is efficient and necessary if you want to go to English-speaking countries
    B．IELTS is completely different from TOEFL
    C．every American needs to accept TOEFLD．IEITS isn't used more widely than TOEFL
    小题4:What is the main idea of the passage?
    A．How can the readers write papers to the VOA programme?
    B．It talks about some ways to pass TOEFL.
    C．It introduces IELTS.
    D．How can the readers pass two kinds of tests?

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Consult the page adapted from an English dictionary and do Questions 65～68.

    小题1: What does the phrase “green shoots” mean in “Green shoots have begun to appear in different markets”?
    A．Signs of recovery.B．High prices.
    C．Environmental protection.D．Change in policy.
    小题2:Fill in the blank in the sentence “I can’t believe this is Joshua—he’s ______ since we last met!”
    A．shot outB．shot throughC．shot upD．shot down
    小题3:When you are talking about unimportant things, we say you are ______.
    A．shooting yourself in the footB．shooting the breeze
    C．shooting your mouth offD．shooting questions at somebody
    小题4: Choose a word to complete the sentence “The ______, which killed a policeman and wounded a passer-by, was reported to have lasted only 13 seconds.”
    A．shooterB．shootC．shotD．shooting

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    (NEW YORK) A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he didn’t think twice before diving into the freezing East River.
    Tuesday’s Daily News said 29-year-old Julien Duret from France was the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.
    He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum. He handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him.
    “I didn’t think at all,” Duret told the Daily News. “It happened very fast. I reacted very fast.”
    Duret, an engineer on vacation, was walking with his girlfriend along the pier(码头) when he saw something falling into the water. He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river. In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
    When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said. Fortunately, when she was out of the water, she opened her eyes.
    Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera. An ambulance came later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from onlookers. Duret caught a taxi with his girlfriend shortly after.
    The rescue happened on the day before he left for France. Duret said he didn’t realize his story of heroism had greatly moved New York until he was leaving the city the next morning.
    “I don’t really think I’m a hero,” said Duret. “Anyone would do the same thing.”
    小题1:Why was Duret in New York?
    A．To meet his girlfriend.B．To spend his holiday.
    C．To work as an engineer.D．To visit the Andersons.
    小题2:What did Duret do shortly after the ambulance came?
    A．He was interviewed by a newspaper.
    B．He went to the hospital in the ambulance.
    C．He disappeared from the spot quickly.
    D．He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes.
    小题3: Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl?
    A．David AndersonB．A passer-byC．His girlfriendD．A taxi driver
    小题4:What is probably the headline of this news report ?
    A．A Careless FatherB．A Poor Girl
    C．Warm-hearted OnlookersD．Brave Frenchman Found

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    In 2004，the World Health Organization，WHO，warned of a possible outbreak of another serious disease which may be even more deadly than SARS．The WHO believes that it is likely that bird flu will spread to human beings in the next few years．If it does，up to seven millions people could die from the disease．
    Diseases like bird flu are caused by viruses，that is，tiny things which change and be come more dangerous over time．When a new type of a common virus changes，it may be able to get past the body’S immune system．If that happens，humans are in great danger until a cure or treatment becomes available．
    There have always been viruses and people always get sick，of course，but as we saw with SARS，the situation is more difficult today．People travel more than ever before，which means that disease can spread quickly and across large areas——in fact the whole world．
    Scientists are already working on drugs that will prevent or limit the effect of a new virus，but the process takes time．It is just as important to make sure that countries，especially poor countries，are prepared to deal with the disease。New disease usually affect poor areas the most，so we must help develop health care in all countries．
    73．The situation is more serious today because          ．
    A．people travel more                                      B．people don’t eat health food
    C．there aren’t enough hospitals                            D．scientists can’t find a cure
    74．From this passage we know          ．
    A．bird flu will surely spread to human beings in the next few years．
    B．a virus changes and become less dangerous over time．
    C．SARS is 1ikely to come again in some years．
    D．poor areas usually suffers more from Dew diseases than rich areas．
    75．The possible title of this passage is
    A．The Work of WHO
    B．Scientists Are Working Hard on Drugs for Diseases
    C．What Is a Virus
    D．Virus Changes and Causes New Diseases Over Time

    查看答案和解析>>

    同步练习册答案