Question

【题目】You probably don’t know as much as you think you do. When put to the test, most people find they can’t explain the workings of everyday things they think they understand. Don’t believe me? Find an object you use daily (an ear phone, a toilet, a stereo speaker) and try to describe how it works. 【1】 We call this phenomenon the illusion of explanatory depth(解释性深度错觉). It means you think you fully understand something that you actually don’t.

We see this every day in buzzwords (流行语). Though we often use them, their meanings are usually unclear. 【2】

Several years ago, I attended a meeting where the president spoke about global business practice in the coming year. During the talk, people around the room nodded in agreement. Afterwards, though, many of them discussed how to manage global business practice, none of the people who had nodded in agreement could exactly describe what it actually meant.

No matter what job you do, discovering your gaps in knowledge is necessary. An unknown gap means you might not fully understand a problem. 【3】

To discover the things you can’t explain, take a lesson from teachers. When you guide someone else, you have to fill the gaps in your own knowledge. But you don’t need to teach someone else. Explain concepts to yourself as you learn them. Get in the habit of self-teaching. Involve others in learning together. 【4】 Ask them to explain difficult concepts, even if you think everyone understands them. Not only will this help you to work through new ideas, but it will occasionally uncover places where your friends don’t understand the explanations.

【5】 They can help you have a better understanding of problems.

A. An active learner usually puts it into reality.

B. That can prevent you from solving the problem properly.

C. Your explanations can’t show your own knowledge gaps.

D. Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you.

E. You’re likely to discover unexpected gaps in your knowledge.

F. They cover gaps in our knowledge, serving concepts we don’t fully understand.

G. When you do uncover these gaps, treat them as learning opportunities, not signs of weakness.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】F

【3】B

【4】D

【5】G

【解析】

试题分析:很多人都会发现平时能够理解的知识在进行测试或者接受实验的时候都不能作出正确的解释。这一现象叫做解释性深度错觉，这意味人们其实没有能够对一些知识进行深度的理解。在本文中作者对这一情况给出了一些参考建议。

【1】E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据前句内容可知作者举例来说明人们对生活中一些日常用品的工作原理很难解释，以此来说明为什么在测试中对一些问题不能作出解答，由此判断E选项内容符合语境，选E。

【2】F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句解释这种解释性深度错觉经常发生，根据语境判断F选项They cover gaps in our knowledge, serving concepts we don’t fully understand.可以承接上文，选F。

【3】B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文对unknown gaps进行解释，由此可知后句是介绍这种现象的不利方面，呼吁文章开头，选B。

【4】D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。空格的前后内容都是给人们的建议，建议人们如何能够对这一问题作出解决，故判断D选项Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you.符合语境。

【5】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据后句They can help you have a better understanding of problems.可知G选项符合语境，是对文章内容的概括，选G。