①Researches show what we already suspected: Three out of four babies who died of SIDS(婴儿猝死) involved co-sleeping. We’ll say it again. The safest course is not to sleep with babies.
②We know the argument: Bad parenting, not co-sleeping, is to blame for the dozens of babies’ deaths. Some parents stick to co-sleeping because it helps them bond with their newborns. They say those who give co-sleeping a bad name either had been drinking, used drugs or were too tired to notice that they rolled over on their children.
③But, most of the cases did not involve drugs or alcohol. There’s a “but” here, however. Submitting to a test for drugs or alcohol in these cases is voluntary, so it’s difficult to know with certainty.
④Organizations like the Black Health Coalition and others have explained the safe way to co-sleep. While we understand those arguments, we also know that mistakes can happen and that it only takes one time for something to go terribly wrong. The risk outweighs the benefit.
⑤In all likelihood, parents will continue to co-sleep, and some will do so without ever having an incident, but babies are too vulnerable(易受伤的) for parents to take such chances. Therefore, the best place for babies to sleep is in their own beds, on their backs, with no pillows, blankets or toys. No parent wants a tragedy to occur. The best way to make sure the tragedy doesn’t happen is to allow babies to sleep alone in their own cribs.
According to the author, most of the SIDS cases happened because of ________.
A. drugs B. co-sleeping C. drinking D. bad parenting
Some parents think sleeping with their babies can ________.
A. keep the babies healthy
B. give co-sleeping a good name
C. prevent themselves from drinking
D. develop a good relation with their babies
The author holds the opinion that ________.
A. parents can sleep with babies, but cautiously
B. co-sleep helps to bring babies closer to parents
C. parents can’t take chances to sleep with their babies
D. accidents only happen to those careless parents
Which of the following best describes the structure of the text?
A. ① B. ①② C. ① D. ①
↙↘ ↓ ↙↓↘ ↙↓↓↘
②③ ④ ③④ ②③④ ②③④⑤
↘ ↙ ↓ ↘↓↙
⑤ ⑤ ⑤
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届湖北咸宁鄂南高中高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels(分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of 120 decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decible level of 195 would have the same effect.
Some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of 120 decibles in oceans. They have observed that noises above that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that loud noises could seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing, which seriously affected the whales’ ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected(感染的).
Many researches whose work depends on ocean sounds disagree with a limit of 120 decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how many and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they previously believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
1.The second paragraph mainly tells us that the noises on land and in water .
A．are both from human activities.
B．both do harm to sea animals
C．are measured differently
D．have the same effect on humans
2.As to(依据) the effects of noises on whales, which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．They are deaf to noises.
B．Noises at a certain level may hurt them.
C．They are easily confused by noises.
D．Noises will limit their ability to reproduce.
3.Many researchers think that the noise limit of 120 decibels would .
A．protect whales from noises
B．benefit them a lot in their research work
C．do good to their health
D．increase industrial output
4.What will scientists most probably do in the future?
A．Count the number of sea animals.
B．Stop their research on the ocean.
C．Study the effect of different noises.
D．Protect sea creatures from harmful noises.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届山东济宁泗水一中高二下期期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：完型填空
Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are__1___ than housewives．Evidence shows that __2_ are in poorer health than the job-holders．A study shows that _3___ the unemployment rate increases by 1%，the death rate in-creases correspondingly by 2%．All this comes down to one point：Work is helpful to health．
Why is work good for health? It is because work ___4_ people busy, _5__ loneliness and solitude . Researches show that people feel unhappy，_6__ and lonely when they have nothing to do．Instead，the happiest are those who are _7___．Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard . Work serves as __8___ between man and reality．By work，people_9__ each other．By collective activity，they find friendship and warmth．This is helpful to health．The loss of work __10__ the loss of everything．It affects man spiritually and __11_ him liable to disease．
__12__ ，work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of _13__ ．Work makes one feel his value and status in society．When __14__ finishes his writing or a doctor successfully __15__ a patient or a teacher sees his students __16_ ，they are happy ___17__ ．
From the above we can _18__ to the conclusion that the more you work, _19___ and healthier you will be．Let us work hard，study well and __20__ a happy and healthy life．
1. A．richer B．weaker C．healthier D．wors
2. A．the old B．the busy C．the hard-working D．the jobless
3. A．whether B．whenever C．though D．since
4. A．forces B．keeps C．needs D．require
5. A．away from B．in lack of C．in touch with D．in charge of
6. A．worried B．joyful C．concerned D．interested
7. A．free B．busy C．lazy D．dull
8. A．a bridge B．a gap C．a channel D．a guard
9. A．come across B．look down upon C．come into contact with D．watch over
10. A．stands B．means C．helps D．matches
11. A．makes B．orders C．finds D．forces
12. A．Then B．Besides C．However D．Yet
13. A．disappointment B．regret C．achievement D．apology
14. A．a worker B．a farmer C．a manager D．a writer
15. A．makes friends with B．has a talk C．deals with D．operates on
16. A．raise B．rise C．grow D．increase
17. A．beyond words B．without a word C．at a word D．in a word
18. A．reach B．come C．arrive D．draw
19. A．the happier B．the weaker C．the stronger D．the lonelier
20. A．make B．lead C．earn D．share
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年江苏省扬州市高三下学期5月考前适应性考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：完型填空
New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive human-made climate warming in the coming century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, 1 in the latest edition of Ecology and Evolution, reveals the 2 age of some Amazonian tree species -- more than 8 million years -- and 3 shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods 4 for the year 2100.
The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the trees will 5 survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. 6 extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures 7 , the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors 8 that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain 9 on preventing deforestation（采伐森林）for agriculture and mining.
The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species’ extinctions 10 relatively small increases in global average air temperatures.
Study co-author Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the 11 were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and over-exploitation of the forest remained major 12 to the Amazon’s future.
Dr Lewis said: “The past cannot be compared directly with the future. while tree species seem likely to 13 higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and 14 , and what remains is being degraded by logging, and increasingly split up by fields and roads.
“Species will not move as freely in today’s Amazon as they did in previous warm periods, when there was no human 15 . Similarly, today’s climate change is extremely fast, making comparisons with slower changes in the past 16 .”
“With a clearer 17 of the relative risks to the Amazon forest, we 18 that direct human impacts -- such as forest clearances for agriculture or mining -- should remain a key point of conservation policy. We also need more aggressive 19 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and 20 the future of most Amazon tree species.”
1. A．advertised B．described C．published D．presented
2. A．frightening B．surprising C．exciting D．interesting
3. A．still B．nevertheless C．however D．therefore
4. A．assess B．confirm C．forecast D．promise
5. A．particularly B．probably C．merely D．possibly
6. A．Since B．Although C．When D．If
7. A．rise B．change C．drop D．end
8. A．consider B．decide C．guarantee D．recommend
9. A．based B．built C．focused D．made
10. A．in relation to B．in response to C．in reply to D．in reference to
11. A．findings B．thoughts C．inventions D．writings
12. A．threats B．disadvantages C．embarrassments D．instructions
13. A．accept B．tolerate C．permit D．Require
14. A．farming B．planting C．catering D．mining
15. A．power B．influence C．desire D．violence
16. A．difficult B．clear C．easy D．important
17. A．belief B．direction C．understanding D．suggestion
18. A．doubt B．conclude C．calculate D．prefer
19. A．thought B．guidance C．protection D．action
20. A．secure B．advance C．sacrifice D．evaluate
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届陕西省高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
During the 19th century, scientists found that when certain parts of the brain of a person were hurt, he would lose the power of doing certain things. And so people thought that each part of the brain does a different job. But modern research has discovered that this is not so, for it is not easy to show exactly what each part of the brain does.
In the past fifty years there has been a great increase in the amount or research done on the brain. Scientists have found out that the way the brain works is not so simple as people in general may think. Chemists tell us that about 100,000 chemical changes take place in the brain every second. Some recent researches also suggest that we can remember everything that happened to us. We may not be able to think of the things we have heard and seen but it is kept there in the store-house of the human mind. Earlier scientists thought that the power of one’s brain got weaker and weaker as one grows older. But it is plenty of exercise, it keeps its power. It is now thought that is not true. As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise, it keeps its power. It has proved that an old person who has always been active in the mind has a quicker mind than a young person who has done physical work without using much of his brain.
1.In the last century, scientists found that a person would lose the power to do certain things _____.
A．when he got weaker in health
B．if certain parts of his brain were hurt
C．after he did a quite different job
D．when he grew older
2.Scientists today are still unable to show exactly ______.
A．what each part of the brain is doing
B．how many chemical changes take place in the brain each second
C．whether each part of the brain does the same job
D．which part of the brain is the most important
3.It has been found that one’s brain usually works ______.
A．faster when he is old
B．a little now and a little then
C．in a very simple way
D．without any rest all day long
4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A．Scientists are working hard at the researches on the brain.
B．As many as six million chemical changes take place in the brain every minute.
C．A young man doing physical labor is sure to have a much slower mind.
D．Even an old man has a quick mind only if his brain is given much exercise.
5.The more work we give our brains,___________.
A．the less result we will gain
B．the more work they are able to do
C．the weaker their power will get
D．the more tired they will feel
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年河南省灵宝市高三上学期第三次质量检测英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A four-year study of 200 college students found that those who drink heavily and started drinking at an early age demonstrate poor decision-making skills, just like long-term, chronic(长期的) alcoholics. Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia believe early onset binge drinking negatively affects psychological development.
The researches examined college students between the ages of 18 and 22. After three years, they tested them using the Iowa Gambling Test, which measures the tendency to make immediate (disadvantageous) or long-term (advantageous) choices.
Based on the students’ reported drinking habits, they were grouped into four categories: low binge drinkers, moderate binge drinkers, increasing binge drinkers and stable or high binge drinkers.
“Students in the stable or high alcohol use category, who had longer histories of binge drinking, made riskier and less advantageous choices, which reflect problems associated with planning for the future,” the researchers reported.
The study also found that only students who started binge drinking when they were younger showed impairment on the task.
“There is reason to think that heavy binge drinking during adolescence, when the brain is still rapidly developing, may have some negative legacy (遗传) on psychological development,” said Kenneth J. Sher of MU’s Midwest Alcoholism Research Center in a news release. “The interesting thing is that if we were to just look at binge drinkers and how impaired they are in the decision-making process as juniors, we’d really be obscuring(使模糊) the important issue, which is how long they’ve been binge drinkers and / or how early they started.”
1.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．Four categories of heavy drinkers.
B．Heavy drinking affects college students.
C．Early onset binge drinkers are poor at decision-making.
D．People drinking at an early age will develop into binge drinkers.
2.Which category would make the most disadvantageous choice?
A．Low binge drinkers B．moderate binge drinkers
C．Increasing binge drinkers D．Stable binge drinkers
3.Early onset binge drinking negatively affects psychological development because _______.
A．adolescent students were not suitable for drinking
B．drinking too much will slow the growth of the brain
C．the brain has not fully developed during adolescence
D．drinking will make the students make dangerous choices
4.What Kenneth J. Sher says suggests that _______.
A．he is quite clear about what the important issue is
B．if binger drinkers started late, there would be no bad effect
C．the important issue is how impaired the students are in decision-making
D．only early binge drinkers will have their decision-making ability affected
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