5．For years we have been told that encouraging a child's self-respect is important to his or her success in life．But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect． Praise-aholic kids who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval from their friends when asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car．
The implication （含义） of saying"You are the prettiest girl in class，"or talking about the goals she scored but not her overall effort，is that you love her only when she looks the best，scores the highest，achieves the most．And this carries over to the classroom．
Social psychologist Carol Dweck，PhD，tested the effects of over praise on 400fifth graders while she was at Columbia University．She found that kids praised for"trying hard"did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being"smart"．
"Praising attributes （品质） or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality，and it devalues effort，so children are afraid to take on challenges，"says Dweck，now at Stanford University．"They figure they'd better quit while they're ahead．"
29．The underlined words"Praise-aholic kids"refer to kids who areB．
A．tired of being praised
B．extremely fond of being praised
C．very proud of being praised
D．worthy of being praised
30．The author quoted Dr．Dweck's words in the last paragraph in order to make the articleA．
A．more persuasive
B．better-organized
C．better-known
D．more interesting
31．We can infer from the passage thatB．
A．praise for results works better than praise for efforts
B．praise for efforts should be more encouraged
C．praising a child's achievements benefits his or her success in life
D．praising a child's abilities encourages him or her to take on challenges．
分析 本文讲述了在教育孩子方面存在的一个问题就是过度的表扬孩子会导致很多孩子特别喜欢被表扬，而带来了很多不好的东西．建议我们要多表扬孩子的努力，而不仅仅是表扬孩子聪明．
解答 29-31BAB
29 B 细节推理题，根据前一句But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect．但是儿童专家现在了解到太多的赞扬会导致负面的影响．可知本句的Praise-aholic kids就是指那些被过度的表扬，也特别喜欢被表扬的学生；故本题答案为B选项．
30 A 细节推理题，根据文章最后一段Praising attributes（品质） or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality，and it devalues effort，so children are afraid to take on challenges，"says Dweck，now at Stanford University，"They figure they'd better quit while they're ahead．"来自斯坦福大学的Dweck说赞扬的品质或能力做出了一个错误的承诺--成功会降临到你身上因为你有那种品质而且它贬低了努力，因此孩子害怕接受挑战""他们认为当他们进步时最好停止"．可知引用斯坦福大学的Dweck教授的话正是为了证明这项研究成果的准确性．增强说服力；故本题答案为A选项．
31 B 细节推理题，根据文章倒数第二段最后一行．She found that kids praised for"trying hard"did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being"smart．"她发现因为努力尝试而得到赞扬的孩子在测试时比因为聪明而得到赞扬的孩子做得更好而且更有可能接受困难的任务"．可知作者认为鼓励孩子更加努力要比鼓励他聪明更有说服力，因此本题答案为B选项．
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
