Question

A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems thinking clearly and remembering.?

Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.?

The researcher took some saliva from the women's mouths to measure levels of a hormone(荷尔蒙) that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes(脑叶).?

It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.?

The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.?

Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.?

According to the text, jet lag _______.?

A. can cause difficulties in speaking

B. can make people feel tired for a few weeks?

C. can be only found in flight attendants

D. can be caused by flying over several time zones?

It can be inferred from the text that _______.

A. the conclusion is refused by many scientists?

B. scientists fear that this research is not done properly?

C. every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests?

D. the women who were examined in the research were not healthy?

From the result of the research we can see that _______.

A. the women who have longer rest at home show better memory?

B. the women who fly in short time have smaller right temporal lobes?

C. the women who have longer flights fail the memory test?

D. the women who rest more than 14 days produce less hormones?

What is the subject discussed in the text??

A. The cause of jet lag.?

B. A story of a group of flight attendants.?

C. The importance of having enough rest after flights.?

D. A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain.??

Answer 1

【小题1】D

【小题2】C

【小题3】A

【小题4】D

解析:

【小题1】　这是一道细节判断题。A项中不是in speaking 而是in thinking and remembering,参看第四段第二句话“This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen”和最后一段的最后一句“They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory”。B项中不是a few weeks而是several days,参看第一段第三句。C项中only太绝对化了。D项比较接近事实,参看第一段第二句话“Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane”和第二段第三句话“These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones”。?

【小题2】这是一道推断题。依据文章的最后两段来推A、B项中的refused和fear是错误的,D项依据第二段的第二三行“which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years”,这里并没有提到这些妇女not healthy。C项可以从文章的最后一段的第一句中判断“Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain”。

【小题3】　这是一道判断题。主要依据文章的第三、四段来推断。第一句和第二句“It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen.”意思是说:“休息时间短,右脑叶就小,而右脑叶是管辨别和记忆的。”从第三段“And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes(脑叶)”可知,记忆与脑叶的大小有关。由此可以推断:在家休息时间长的人记忆就好些。B项与事实正好相反。C项实验的目的并不是要看及格或不及格。D项应该是produce less stress hormones。?

【小题4】这是一道主旨题。阅读每一段的第一句话,就一目了然了。它们全是围绕a study/research/researcher say/reported/found等来说的,因此全文是关于jet lag对大脑的影响的研究情况。