Question

【题目】British MPs (国会议员) have voted in favour of the creation of babies with DNA from two women and one man, in a historic move. The UK is now set to become the first country to introduce laws to allow the creation of babies from three people. In a free vote in the Commons, 382 MPs were in favour and 128 against the technique that stops genetic diseases being passed from mother to child. During the debate, ministers said the technique was “light at the end of a dark tunnel” for families.

A further vote is required in the House of Lords. If everything goes ahead then the first such baby could be born next year. Supporters said it was “good news for progressive medicine” but critics say they will continue to fight against the technique that they say raises too many ethical (伦理的) and safety concerns. Estimates suggest 150 three-person babies could be born each year.

Prime Minister David Cameron said: “We're not playing god here; we're just making sure that two parents who want a healthy baby can have one.” The method, which was developed in Newcastle, should help women like Sharon Bernadi, from Sunderland, who lost all seven of her children to mitochondrial (线粒体的) disease. Ms Bernadi said she was “overwhelmed” by the decision.

Mitochondria are the tiny compartments (隔间) inside nearly every cell of the body that transform food into useable energy. They have their own DNA, which does not affect characteristics such as appearance. Defective mitochondria are passed down only from the mother. They can lead to brain damage, muscle wasting, heart failure and blindness. The technique uses a modified version to combine the DNA of the two parents with the healthy mitochondria of a donor woman. It results in babies with 0.1% of their DNA from the second woman and is a permanent change that would be passed down through the generations.

【1】 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The new technique is intended to provide the parents a healthy baby.

B. The mitochondrial disease can lead to various fatal illnesses.

C. Britain is the first country to have created three-person babies.

D. All of Ms Bernadi’s children died of a genetic disease.

【2】 The underlined word “defective” is closest to the meaning of ________.

A. strangely-made B. normally developed

C. functioning perfectly D. not functioning properly

【3】 It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. Mitochondria are inside nearly every cell that change food into useable energy

B. DNA of Mitochondria can affect a person’s appearance

C. in medical science ethical factors should be taken into consideration

D. the donor woman’s DNA will not be found in the three-person baby

【4】 Prime Minister David Cameron _________ the creation of such babies.

A. is in favour of B. throws doubt on

C. objects to D. is indifferent to

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇说明文。英国国会议员通过了关于从二女一男身上提取DNA来创造婴儿的议案，英国成为了世界上首个立法允许利用三人的基因完成试管婴儿的国家。

【1】C判断正误题。根据第一段，The UK is now set to become the first country to introduce laws to allow the creation of babies from three people.“英国成为了第一个立法允许用三人的基因完成试管婴儿的国家。”故答案C错误。

【2】D词义猜测题。Defective“有缺陷的，不能完全适应变化的”；A. strangely-made“制造得很奇怪的”；B. normally developed“正常发展的”；C. functioning perfectly“完美运转的”； D. not functioning properly“运行的不正常的”；故答案为D。

【3】C归纳推测题。根据第二段，but critics say they will continue to fight against the technique that they say raises too many ethical (伦理的) and safety concerns.“...但是反对者说他们将继续反对这项技术，为此他们提出了很多伦理和安全方面的担心。”所以这项技术在伦理和安全方面存在一定的缺陷，故答案为C。

【4】A细节辨析题。根据第三段，Prime Minister David Cameron said: “We're not playing god here; we're just making sure that two parents who want a healthy baby can have one.”“首相卡梅隆说：我们并不是在挑战上帝，只是希望那些想要一个健康的孩子的夫妻能够如愿。”可知，卡梅隆是支持这个议案的，故答案为A。