Question

19．People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory，researchers say．
    A study by a team at Northumbria University showed that smokers lost more of their memory when compared to non-smokers．
    And the research also found that those who kicked the habit saw their ability to recollect information restored to almost the same level as non-smokers．
    The study involved more than seventy 18-to-25-year-olds and included a tour of the university's campus．Those who took part were asked to recall small details，such as a list of songs played at a campus concert and tasks completed at various points-known as real world memory test．Smokers performed badly，remembering just 59 percent of tasks．But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks．
    Dr．Tom Heffernan，who leads Northumbria University's Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group，said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns．He said，"Given that there are up to 10 million smokers in the UK and as many as 45 million in the United States，it's important to understand the effects smoking has on everyday cognitive（认知的）function-of which prospective memory is an excellent example．"
"This is the first time that a study has set out to examine whether giving up smoking has an impact on memory．We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body，but this study also shows how stopping smoking can have knock-on benefits for cognitive functions too．''
    The research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory，while Dr．Heffernan and Dr．Terence O'Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking-toxins left on curtains and furniture．
1．What's the main idea of the passage？C
    A．Smoking does harm to health．
    B．Smokers take a tour to the University's campus．
    C．Smoking can affect one's memory．
    D．Smokers are compared to non-smokers．
2．How did those who took part in the study perform when asked to recall small details？A
    A．Smokers did the worst among the participants．
    B．Non-smokers could recall about half of them．
    C．Smokers could recall nothing at all．
    D．Those who gave up smoking did best．
3．According to Dr．Tom Heffernan，the findingsB．
    A．would be really a surprise to the public
    B．would contribute to fighting against smoking
    C．would be used in real world memory test
    D．would be nothing new to the researchers
4．What does the underlined word"impact''most probably mean？D
    A．order    B．impression    C．expression    D．effect
5．What will Dr．Heffernan and Dr Terence O'Neil do？A
    A．Investigate the effects of third-hand smoking．
    B．Do research on how smoking affects passive smokers．
    C．Find ways to persuade people to quit smoking．
    D．Study whether giving up smoking affects memory．

Answer 1

分析 本文讲述的是抽烟对人的记忆力影响的实验，想通过这个实验来告诉人们，抽烟的危害．

解答 1 C 主旨大意题．根据文章的主题段第一段People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory，researchers say．说明抽烟的人容易遗忘，这就是文章的主题，故C项正确．
2 A 细节题．根据第四段最后3行Smokers performed badly，remembering just 59 percent of tasks．But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks．说明抽烟的人表现最差，故A正确．
3 B 细节题．根据第五段前三行Dr．Tom Heffernan，who leads Northumbria University's Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group，said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns．说明他认为这个研究对于与吸烟的斗争是有益的，故B正确．
4 D 推理题．根据下句．We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body，说明这里是指抽烟对人的影响，故D项正确．
5 A 根据文章最后一段he research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory，while Dr．Heffernan and Dr．Terence O'Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking-toxins left on curtains and furniture．说明接下来的研究对象应该就是third-hand smoking，故A正确．

点评 本文讲述的是抽烟对人的记忆力影响，本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或是其变体．搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．做这类题一般采用寻读法即先读题然后带着问题快速阅读短文找出与问题有关的词语或句子再对相关部分进行分析对比找出答案．