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    As if there weren’t enough of them in the world already, scientists have succeeded in cloning flies. The alike fruit flies are the first insects ever cloned, says the Canadian team that created them. The question everyone asks is why anyone would want to clone flies in the first place. She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with , will help to adjust the cloning process in other animals and even in humans, where the technique is being researched to aid production of therapeutic (治疗的) stem cells.

    In cloning, the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus(细胞核) has been removed. At the moment, the majority of cloned mice, sheep and other animals die before birth. It is thought this is because the adult DNA is not properly ‘reprogrammed’.

    Using flies, researchers might discover genes that are important for this reprogramming, and that have matches in other animals. That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells, which will test whether that gene is important. If such genes are confirmed, then in theory cloned mammalian embryos(晶胚) might be grown in selected solutions that change the activity of those genes to improve the technique’s success rate. Although some groups have attempted to clone insects before, Lloyd says this is the first time it has been successful. The team used a slight difference on the standard cloning process: they transferred nuclei taken from embryos rather than fully-grown adult cells. They sucked several nuclei (pl)out of developing fly embryos, and injected them into a fertilized(已受精的) fly egg. From over 800 early attempts, they cloned five adult insects, the group reports in the journal Genetics.

    1.The best title of this passage probably is _______.

        A．The importance of clone

        B．First insects are cloned

        C．The disagreement in clone

        D．The advantages of clone

    2.The scientists cloned flies because________.

       A．there are fewer and fewer flies in the world 

        B．flies are easy to find and cheap to use

       C．they can gain some experience before cloning other animals

        D．it is safe to clone flies

    3.The failure of most cloned animals is due to _______.

       A．the difference of other animals’ genes

       B．the improper technique of clone

       C．the complex of other animals

       D．the improper rearrange of the adult gene

    4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

       A．the clone of insects before used grown-up cells

        B．the clone of insects were never experimented before  

        C．this time scientists cloned flies successfully and easily

       D．based on this success, other animals will be cloned in large quantities.

     

    【答案】

     

    1.B

    2.C

    3.D

    4.A

    【解析】略

     

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    　　TOKYO－A child-like robot that combines the roles of nurse, companion and security guard is to go on the market to help the growing ranks of elderly Japanese with no one to look after them．

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    　　Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, which developed Wakamaru, plans to start selling the metre-high robots by April, 2005, for about ＄15,000 Cdn．

    　　Wakamaru, which speaks with either the voice of a boy or girl, is also designed to provide companionship, greeting its“papa”when he comes home．

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    　　The project chief said,“Looking at the ageing of society and the falling birth rate we decide that this could work as a business．We want to offer Wakamaru as a product that helps society．”

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    A．

    The Latest Development of Robot Technology

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    C．

    Vast Market of the New Robot

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    阅读理解

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    　　Mitstubishi adapted Wakamaru from robots it already makes to go around nuclear power facilities．The idea to use the technology in the home came from a company employee．

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    A．

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    to show the rapid development of technology

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    The robot has given the Japanese a chance to live longer．

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    The robot is likely to have a promising market．

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    What is the best title of this passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    The Latest Development of Robot Technology

    B．

    Japanese-built Robot to Help the Old

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    Vast Market of the New Robot

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