分析 本文是一篇议论文,主要论述我们成年人常常惊叹能很好地记着儿时学过的东西,这是儿时过度学习的结果,是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候,我们不是就此停止,而是继续练习,才使我们记忆深刻.过度学习,就是当我们学过了一遍新的东西,补充学习的尝试能让我们更长时间地记住它.突击学习,学生可能会很好地通过考试,但会很快地忘记所学过的大部分东西.微不足道的过度学习,对于一个人的发展是十分必要的.
解答 67.A 段落大意题.根据本段第一句"Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since."可知,本段讲述的是人们经常能够记住我们小时候所学的内容.接下来还举了另外几个例子来说明.故选B.
68.D 推理判断题.根据第三段"In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming,bicycle riding,and playing baseball long after we have learned them",说明作者是通过举例说明的方法来解释这个原理的,故选C.
69.A 推理判断题.根据第三段中"The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule.that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are another of the things we over learn in childhood."可知,学会使用乘法口诀也是过度学习的一个结果.故选A.
70. B 词意猜测题.根据第三段中"The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school"可知,乘法口诀也是过度学习的一个结果,因此这里"them"是指代"过度学习的一个结果",故选B.
71.B 推理判断题.根据文章最后一段"The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习)for an examination,though it may result in a passing grade,is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming,a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he's likely soon to forget almost everything he learned."可知,cramming (突击学习)的效果只能延续很短的时间,突击学习,学生可能会很好地通过考试,但他会很快地忘记他所学过的大部分东西,所以说只在有限的方面起作用.故选B.
点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.
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