Question

【题目】 A meteorite（陨石）moved quickly across the sky and exploded(爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15, raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows, damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.

People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion, saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave, according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1 , 500 km east of Moscow.

The fireball, travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian Federal Space Agency （Roscosmos） , had blazed（熊熊燃烧）across the horizon（地平 线），leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.

Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time. The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion, a very rare sight, also released a great explosive sound.

“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day," said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident（居民）of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. felt like I was blinded by headlights（车前灯）.”

The meteorite, which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron, entered Earth's atmosphere and broke apart 30 km—50 km above ground, according to Russia's Academy of Sciences.

“The energy released（(释放）when it entered the Earth's atmosphere was equal to a few kilo tonnes," the academy said, “the power of a small atomic weapon exploding. ”

No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20, 000 rescue and clean-up workers were sent to Ural Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.

The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured, at least 200 of them were children, and most from broken pieces of glass.

【1】What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?

A.It is a very huge ball made of iron.

B.It quickly broke apart on the ground.

C.It exploded over Russia's Ural Region.

D.It's similar to an A-bomb in weight.

【2】The underlined word “smashed" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_____”.

A.brokeB.melted

C.burnedD.cleared

【3】We can know from the passage that _____.

A.Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk

B.many houses were destroyed, with lots of people reported missing

C.Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare sight

D.the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks

【4】What can be the best title for the passage?

A."Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia

B.President Putin Orders Assistance

C.Meteorite Hits Russia, 1,200 People Hurt

D.Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部的乌拉尔地区爆炸的事件。文章详细记述了当时人们看到的情景和感受，以及它对周围环境的影响。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段中的A meteorite moved quickly across the sky and exploded（爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15（2月15日，一颗陨石迅速地划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸）和第五段中的“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day,” said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. （乌拉尔地区叶卡捷琳堡的一位居民说：“我正在开车去上班的路上。天很黑了，但是突然又亮的像是白天一样”）可知，这块陨石是在俄罗斯中部的乌拉尔地区爆炸的，故选C。

【2】词义猜测题。根据第一段句意可知，陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸，火球像雨点一样落在广阔的区域，产生了冲击波使玻璃震碎、损坏大楼，使1200人受伤。呼应第四段中的Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken。所以空格处单词与broken是近义呼应，都是形容windows的。A. broke“弄碎，弄坏”；B. melted“熔化”；C. burned“烧毁”；D. cleared“清除，使干净”。故选A。

【3】细节理解题。根据第四段中的mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time（手机的网络信号被中断了一小会）可知，冲击波使移动网络短时间内中断。故选D。

【4】主旨大意题。这是一篇新闻报道，根据题材特点，首段就点名了这篇文章的中心内容。由第一段段意“陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸，火球像雨点一样落在广阔的区域，产生了冲击波使玻璃震碎、损坏大楼，使1200人受伤。”可知，这篇报道不仅要告诉读者这件事件，还要向读者传达它带来的严重后果，以及它对周围环境的影响。A项“ ‘Meteorite Rush’开始于俄罗斯”；B项“总统普京下令救援”；C项“陨石袭击俄罗斯，1200人受伤”；D项“陨石迅速飞过俄罗斯”，只有选项C在交代事件的同时也强调了后果，故选C。

猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在划线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句，再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出划线单词的意思。例如本文第二题，考查的就是生词词义猜测，由其后的“damaged”、“injured”可知，这句话强调陨石爆炸造成的严重后果，再结合生词后的宾语windows，可知选择broke更符合逻辑。但是由于这是一篇新闻报道，第一段讲述本文的重要内容，其后段落还会对这些要点进行展开，所以我们会发现在第四段讲述陨石爆炸造成的影响时，也出现了windows，那么前后就构成了完全的呼应关系。所以划线单词与thousands of windows were broken呼应。由此可得出答案。所以这是一种很简便、快捷、准确的方法，但是需要同学们多积累与篇章相关的知识，能够通过题材特点与篇章结构发现这种呼应关系。