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18.As the proverb goes,man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams,to rivers and to oceans.But downhill isn't the only way that water moves.A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption.This flow isn't the type we usually think about.These scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports.They call this a flow of"virtual water".
We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap.However,92%of the water used by people goes into growing crops,according to a water researcher Arjen Hoekstra.He recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats.These products are shipped around the world.
For example,consider a sugary soft drink.Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-liter of the drink requires between 170and 310liters of water-about 95% is used to grow and process the ingredients(原料).Another 4% goes into the packaging and labeling.In Hoekstra's calculation,when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad,it exports as much virtual water as would fill a large refrigerator.
According to Hoekstra's new report,dry countries like Israel and Kuwait,both in the Middle East,get the majority of their virtual water from other countries,through imported products.More surprisingly,some wetter countries,like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom,also get the majority of their virtual water from other places.That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries.

25.The proverb in Paragraph One is used toC.
A.inspire readers to struggle upward        
B.tell a law of nature
C.introduce the topic of the passage         
D.summarize the main idea of the passage
26.In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside?C.
A.The United Kingdom and China         
B.America and Israel
C.The Netherlands and Kuwait            
D.The Netherlands and America
27.What can be a suitable title for the passage?D
A.Benefits of Virtual Water             
B.Hidden Uses of Water
C.Crops and Virtual Water             
D.Water's Worldwide Travels
28.Where does the passage probably come from?A
A.A science news report.
B.A newspaper advertisement.
C.A book review.
D.A science fiction story.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了正如谚语人往高处走,水往低处流所说,虚拟水从山上到流经河流到人类的消费所经历的旅程,是如此的漫长,许多缺水国家的虚拟水甚至基本都来自于其他国家,它真正做到了环球旅行.

解答 25.C.推理判断题.文章主要在讲正如"人往高处走,水往低处流",而现实生活中缺水国家的水基本都来自于其他国家,因此可推测As the proverb goes是正如谚语所说的意思,因此proverb介绍了这篇文章的主题;故选C.
26.C.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段"dry countries like Israel and Kuwait,both in the Middle East,get the majority of their virtual water from other countries"和"like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom,also get the majority of their virtual water from other places"可知色列,科威特,中东国家,荷兰,英国等国大部分虚拟水都来自其它地区;故选C.
27.D.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知文章主要在讲虚拟水从山上到流经河流到人类的消费所经历的旅程,有时它们甚至经历了许多国家,因此可知最合适的标题是"水的环球旅行";故选D.
28.A.推理判断题.根据文章,可知文章主要在讲虚拟水从山上到流经河流到人类的消费所经历的旅程,有时它们甚至经历了许多国家,文章运用了举例的手法给出了许多具体的事实,比如缺水的国家等,因此这是一篇科技类说明文,它一般会发表在科技新闻报道上;故选A.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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