Question

【题目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

How to be a demanding reader

The rules for reading yourself to sleep are easier to follow than are the rules for staying awake while reading. Get into bed in a comfortable position, make sure the light is 【1】 enough to cause slight eyestrain, choose a book that is either terribly difficult or terribly boring-in any event, one that you do not really care whether you read or not-and you will be asleep in a few minutes. Those who are experts in relaxing with a book do not have to wait for 【2】. A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.

Unfortunately, the rules for keeping awake do not consist in doing just the 【3】. It is possible to keep awake while reading in a comfortable chair or even in bed, and people have been known to 【4】 their eyes by reading late in light too dim. What kept the famous 【5】readers awake? One thing certainly—it made a difference to them, a great difference, whether or not they read the book they had in hand.

Whether you manage to keep awake or not depends in large part on your goal in reading. If your aim in reading is to profit from it—to 【6】 somehow in mind or spirit—you have to keep awake. That means reading as actively as possible. It means making an effort—an effort for which you expect to be 【7】.

Good books, fiction or nonfiction, deserve such reading. To use a good book as a helper to fall asleep is pure waste. To fall asleep or, what is the same, to let your mind wander during the hours you planned to devote to reading for profit—that is, 【8】 for understanding—is clearly to defeat your own 【9】.

But the sad fact is that many people who can distinguish between profit and pleasure—between understanding, on the one hand, and entertainment or the mere satisfaction of curiosity, on the other hand—nevertheless 【10】 to carry out their reading plans. They can’t make it even if they know which books give which. The reason is that they do not know how to be demanding readers, how to keep their mind on what they are doing by making it do the work without which no profit can be earned.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】C

【4】F

【5】J

【6】B

【7】G

【8】I

【9】H

【10】E

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何成为一个高要求的读者的几点建议。

【1】考查形容词。句意：确保光线不足会引起轻微的眼睛疲劳。作表语形容词，通过后文的eyestrain（眼部疲劳）可以推断出光线不足导致眼睛疲劳，因此选择D.inadequate。

【2】考查名词。句意：那些擅长读书放松的人不必等到夜幕降临就能睡着。作动词短语wait for的宾语用名词，根据空后的“A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.”可以判断出：擅长读书放松的人不必等到夜幕降临就能睡着，他们可以坐在图书馆的椅子上随时入睡，因此选择A.nightfall。

【3】考查形容词。句意：不幸的是，保持清醒的规则不在于只做相反的事。句首unfortunately一词是关键，起到了转折的作用，可判断出保持醒着的状态也并不是做与上面相反的事就行了，且空格前面有the，因此选择C.opposite。

【4】考查动词。句意：人们已经知道，在光线太暗的情况下阅读到很晚会使眼睛疲劳。从空前的to判断使用动词原形，且空格后面的意思是在昏暗的灯光下看书，由此推理出会让眼睛疲劳，因此选F.exhaust。

【5】考查名词。句意：是什么让著名的烛光读者保持清醒？前面一句提到了在昏暗的灯光下看书，后文继续上面的话题，“是什么让那些为人所知的……的读者保持清醒的？”只有candlelight（烛光）才能跟上一句的light too dim相呼应，此处用名词作定语，因此选J.candlelight。

【6】考查动词。句意：如果你读书的目的是为了从中受益，以某种方式在思想或精神上发光，你必须保持清醒。根据前文所说的“profit from it”，即“从阅读中获得益处”，且横线后面是to, 由此判断为动词原形，推断出以某种方式在思想或精神上发光（闪耀），因此选B.shine。

【7】考查动词。句意：这意味着努力，你希望得到回报的努力。前文为“making an effort”, 并且由“an effort for which you expect to be”推断出此处缺少表示“回报”的词，因此选G.repaid。

【8】考查副词。句意：在你计划用来阅读的时间里，心不在焉地开小差是达不到从中获益的目的的。前面的“that is”指代的是前文的“devote to reading for profit”,且空格后面的“for understanding”与前文并列，此处应该缺少副词修饰动词devote，表示“主要是为了理解”，因此选I.primarily。

【9】考查固定短语 。句意同上， to defeat one’s own ends表示 “某人达不到目的”，并且前文提到“let your mind wander during the hours you planned... ”，意为让自己在计划读书的几个小时里心不在焉地开小差是达不到从中获益的目的的，因此选H.ends.

【10】考查动词。句意：另一方面，他们却没有执行阅读计划。通过上一段的内容以及后文所说“can’t make it”,可以判断此处是fail to - 没能够……，因此选E.fail。