阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition (此外), there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance (容忍) in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity (机会) for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed (明白的).
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects (方面) of the culture than in the non - material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early, in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society rather than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex (复杂的) ones; form rather than in substance (物质); and in elements (元素) that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale (规模) rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分成二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
1．The passage is mainly discussing ________.
[ ]
A．two different societies
B．the necessity of social change
C．certain factors that determine the ease (容易) with which social changes occur
D．certain factors that promote social change
2．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
[ ]
A．Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B．Disagreement with and argument about conditions tends to slow down social change.
C．Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D．Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
3．Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ________.
[ ]
A．people there have got so accustomed (习惯于) to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B．people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C．people there are easy to please
D．people there are less disputatious (好争辩的)
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：053
阅读理解
In the 1940s, Pinehaven Park was one of Crafton City's loveliest recreation(娱乐)areas. Over 40 acres of woods and fields were open to the public. In the 1950s, part of the park was taken over by Crafton City's garbage. Fifteen acres were to be used for landfill disposal(理置). As time went on, more and more of the park was used for garage disposal and less for recreation. Two years ago, the park was closed to the public for good. Along with household garbage, industrial chemicals had for years been dumped (倾倒)in the Pinehaven landfill. These poisonous chemicals had begun to seep(渗)back up through the soil. All of Pinehaven Park had become dangerously polluted.
Last year, the fish in the Crafton River began to die. After a series of investigations(研究), it became clear that the people of Crafton City were not to blame. 100～150 miles upstream, big paper mills were dumping industrial wastes into the river. Little by little, the level of poison in the river began to rise. Finally, it became so polluted that the fish themselves could no longer survive.
Downtown Crafton used to be a quiet area. Ten years of remarkable growth changed that in a big hurry. But with Crafton City's new prosperity(繁荣)came a new problem: air pollution. And it is a serious problem. Air pollution levels in Crafton are regularly reaching those of the nation's large industrial cities.
(1)Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?
[ ]
A．Chemical dumping is a serious threat to Crafton City's soil.
B．The rapid growth of industry has brought air pollution to Crafton City.
C．The disposal of garbage can destroy recreation areas.
D．Industrial growth and progress have resulted in the pollution of Crafton City's water, air, and soil.
(2)According to the passage, what portion of the park had originally been marked for use as a garbage dump?
[ ]
A．Less than half B．Exactly half
C．About one third D．Most of it
(3)As it is used in the passage, the phrase“for good”means ________.
[ ]
A．practically B．for ever
C．thoroughly D．advantageously
(4)According to the passage, one result of dumping industrial chemicals into the landfill was that ________.
[ ]
A．the land became unsafe for humans
B．the animals on the land died
C．the poisonous chemicals were washed into the nearby river
D．the smoke from the chemicals polluted the air surrounding the landfill
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科目：高中英语 来源：四川省绵阳中学2009－2010学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题 题型：050
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