1.Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain,a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says.In a letter addressed to the justice secretary,Ken Clarke,40archaeologists write of their"deep and widespread concern"about the issue.It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years,regardless of their age.The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.
"Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied,whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension,is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,"they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400dig sites,including the remains of 60or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008that date back to 3,000BC.Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time,but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk,where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000years ago.If human remains were found at Happisburgh,they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was.Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.
Before 2008,guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest,while the Burial Act 1857applied to more recent remains.The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary,but has so far failed to revise it.
Mike Parker Pearson,an archaeologist at Sheffield University,said:"Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem,but we feel that we cannot wait any longer."
The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied,or on what records should be kept.
72、According to the passage,scientists are unhappy with the law mainly becauseB.
A.it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
B.it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
C.it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
D.it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
73.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?C
A.Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
B.Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.
C.Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.
D.Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.
74.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?D
A.The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.
B.The Burial Act 1857only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.
C.The law on human remains hasn't changed in recent decades.
D.The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.
75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?D
A.New discoveries should be reburied,the government demands.
B.Research time should be extended,scientists require.
C.Law on human remains needs thorough discussion,authorities say.
D.Law could bury ancient secrets for ever,archeologists warn.
分析 本文是一篇关于考古话题的议论文.英国的一项法律规定:所有在英格兰或威尔士出土的人类遗骸无论其年代都必须在两年之内入土埋葬.这种决定意味着科学家几乎没有时间来研究遗骨和其他遗物的重大的民族和文化价值. 为此40位英国考古学家联名上书,认为此项法律是不合理的,这对考古及科学研究工作也是有害的.司法部两年前对考古学家保证这条法律是临时的,但至今也未进行修正,并且,也未对残骸应该如何掩埋,掩埋于何地,以及保存怎样的掩埋记录进行详细规划.
解答 72.B 归纳总结题.根据文章第二段和第四段可知,考古学家们认为此项法律是不合理的,对考古工作也是有破坏性的,故选B.
73.C 细节理解题.根据第三段第二句"Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time,but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground."虽然时间延长了,但是这些人类的遗骸还是要被重新埋起来,可知C项正确;根据第三段第二句,可知A项说法错误;根据第四段,可知B项说法错误;文章没有提到D项所叙说内容.
74.D 判断推理题.根据文章最后一段"The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied,or on what records should be kept."可推知,司法部还没有对法律做出明确的规定,所以D项说法正确;A项说法与文章内容相悖;根据第五段,可知B项中的副词only绝对化了,所以不正确;C项中的in recent decades说法有误.故选D.
75.D 主旨大意题.根据文章第一段的句子"Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain,a group of leading archaeologists(考古学家) says."可知,法律要求出土的文物要重新被埋入地下,为此很多古代的秘密就不为人知了,故选D.
点评 本文是一篇有关考古的科普文,科普文一般都有极强的逻辑性,做此类题时,理清文章逻辑关系及层次是关键.以本文为例,文章首先提出了一个现象,然后通过举例进行后果的阐释,最后给出相关背景知识.