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16.第一节:短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的一下作文. 文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived,so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that would be considered a very poor family.On their return back,the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy,who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home,replying in a way that shocked his father.
The boy said he wanted to become farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying,rich."Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich."
With this,the boy got up and walked away,leaving his father sat on their comfortable sofa,totally speechless.

分析 一天,一位富人为了让儿子对他的财富充满"感激",便带着儿子来到乡村去体验农民的生活,没想到结果却令富人"无语",因为他的儿子想当农民.

解答 One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived,
so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that 
would be considered a very poor family.On their return back,the father asked his son to explain 
what he had learnt.The boy,who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home,
replying in a way that shocked his father.
The boy said he wanted to become∧farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star 
to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where
 he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy 
finished by saying,"Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich."
With this,the boy got up and walked away,leaving his father sat on their comfortable sofa,totally 
speechless.
详解:
1.if 改为how   考查句意理解以及从属连词   本句的意思是:有一天,一位富人带着他的儿子去乡村旅行以便让他的儿子看看穷人是如何生活的;此处用来引导宾语从句,意为:如何;故用how.
2.to改为for  考查固定短语    be thankful to后面跟人,表示感谢某人;be thankful for后面跟事物,表示对某事物表示感谢;由于此处之后接的是wealth(财富);故用for.
3.that改为what    考查连接代词   此处用来引导宾语从句,由于该从句中缺少主语,故用连接代词what.
4.去掉back   考查return的含义     由于return"返回"相当于"go back/get back/come back",即它本身就含有back的意思,其后不能再跟back;故去掉return之后的back.
5.replying改为replied   考查谓语动词     此处在句中作谓语,根据上文可知,此处讲述的是发生在过去某一天的事情,应使用一般过去时;故用replied.
6.farmer前加a   考查不定冠词    此处用来修饰单数名词farmer,表示泛指一位农民,故在farmer前加a.
7.star改为stars   考查名词的单复数    此处指的是:许多美丽的夜星;由于star为可数名词;故用stars.
8.her改为his   考查人称代词   此处用来修饰名词family,指代的是男孩的家;故用his.
9.true改为truly   考查副词   此处用来修饰形容词rich,故用truly.
10.sat改为sitting   考查固定搭配   leave sb doing 指让某人保持某动作或状态,留下某人…;此处指的是:男孩站起来走开了,留下了他的父亲坐在他们舒适的沙发上,完全说不出话来;故用sitting.

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题,主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力.错误类型一般有:缺词、多词和错词.常见的错误有:1 词法错误,主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此类试题时,需要正确分析句子成分,熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常见句法错误.通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误.解答此类试题时,需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法.3 应在理解文章大意的前提下,进行作答.

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