When a Swedish ship that sank（沉） in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century. In this way, artifacts, objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.
Underwater archaeology(考古)-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a product of the last 50 years. The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment. Besides the Swedish ship wreck(残骸），underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.
Underwater archaeology can provide facts abut the past. In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6, 000 years. There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of people’s way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times. Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world's knowledge of history, but they have to fight two enemies. One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors. Once sold, these objects are lost to experts. The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘机）often used to repair ports. These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud. By teaching the public about the importance of underwater “museums” of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures.
【小题1】What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?
| A．To provide background information of the topic |
| B．To attract readers' attention to the topic |
| C．To use an example to support the topic |
| D．To offer basic knowledge of the topic |
| A．exploit(开发)water bodies | B．search for underwater life |
| C．study underwater artifacts | D．examine underwater environment |
| A．sea hunters have better diving equipment |
| B．their knowledge of world history is limited |
| C．dredging machines cause damage to the ports |
| D．sold artifacts can hardly be regained for research |
| A．To introduce a young branch(分支) of learning. |
| B．To discuss the scientists’ problems. |
| C．To explain people’s way of life in the past. |
| D．To describe the sunken ships. |
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】A
解析试题分析：文章主要告诉我们的是考古学重要的一个分支——水下考古以及水下考古的目的，面临的困境等。
【小题1】B 推理题。文章用瑞典斯德哥尔摩港口的一艘沉船来引起读者的兴趣，来引起下文。故B正确。
【小题2】C 细节题。根据第二段前两行Underwater archaeology(考古)-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a product of the last 50 years.说明水下考古的目的是为了研究水下的文物，以此来研究历史。故C正确。
【小题3】D 细节题。根据第三段倒数第五行Once sold, these objects are lost to experts.说明一旦这些文物被倒卖，专家们就无法去研究了，故D正确。
【小题4】A 主旨大意题。文章主要告诉我们的是考古学重要的一个分支——水下考古，以及水下考古的目的，面临的困境等。故A正确。
考点：考查科普环保类阅读
点评：本文属于科普环保类阅读，虽然文章中有部分不熟悉的生词，但是并不影响文章的答案和理解，本文对于细节的要求仍然比较高，对于文章的关键词部分要做标志，以提高效率。
科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年湖南省长沙县实验中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：完型填空
Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A., B, C and D. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context.
Girls are born to imagine, particularly those at the age of seventeen or eighteen. 【小题1】 , I was one of them and sometimes I would go to extremes. I mean I tended to imagine too much. That was exactly what happened this time, 【小题2】 me great embarrassment.
I was waiting for my train home at the station when a boy 【小题3】 at my side. His beautifully-curved face, his fashionable clothing and everything else about him, was so 【小题4】 that I just couldn’t help looking at him. What was more exciting was that , he was also stealing some 【小题5】 at me, which made me blush(脸红) to the ends of my ears! Still, I tried to be calm and 【小题6】 that nothing had happened. However, once again when our eyes met, I could hear my heart beating. I lowered my head to escape his eyes, but my thoroughly red face had made 【小题7】 known .
To my pleasant surprise, my imagination came true this time, as the handsome guy was drawing near! “Oh, please! Don’t 【小题8】 .” Look at me. I am so sweaty and sloppy(不整洁的). Please don’t ask for my telephone number. You know I will give it to you without 【小题9】 , and that is so unladylike.
I was still struggling when he stood right in front of me. “Excuse me…” he said with a slight hesitation. His voice was so nice, but I wish I had not 【小题10】 it. “I am sorry, but could you please give me my 【小题11】 back? Yours is over there.” Oh my God! Nothing could have been more 【小题12】 when I handed his bag back to him, as shame almost brought me to tears.
From that , I drew a big lesson: never imagine too much if someone just gives you a few glances.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年甘肃省会宁五中高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Bringing Art into Hospitals.
The medical world is slowly realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play an important role in helping patients to recover(康复).
As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the museums and into public places, some of the country’s best artists have been called in to change older hospitals and to soften the hard, modern buildings. Of the 2500 national health service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have collections of art in passages(走廊), waiting areas and treatment rooms.
These recent movements were first started by one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970’s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by more people.
A common hospital waiting room might have as many as 5000 visitors each week. What a good place to hold exhibitions(展览) of art! Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britain’s first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.
The effect is amazing. Now in the passages and waiting rooms the visitors experience a full view of fresh colors, playful images(形象) and restful courtyards.
The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that a patient who had a view onto gardens needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with(与……相比) patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.
【小题1】Some best artists of Britain have been called in to_____
| A．set up new hospitals |
| B．make the corners of hospital collect paintings |
| C．bring art into hospitals |
| D．help patients recover from serious illness |
| A．patients no longer take drugs to kill their pains |
| B．patients don’t have to stay long in hospital |
| C．patients need fewer pain killers when they suffer from an illness |
| D．patients feel happy in hospital |
| A．the role of hospital environment is being recognized |
| B．hospital artists have done more than doctors |
| C．exhibitions attract more people in hospitals than in museums |
| D．the hospitals is a better place for people than the museum in Britain |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年福建省建瓯二中高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits lasting as long as they live, and sometimes become ruined by them.
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great help. Many successful men say that much of their success has something to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and so on.
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on. These are all easily formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which could have been avoided(避免).
We should keep away from(远离) all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will be good for ourselves and others.
【小题1】________ are formed little by little.
| A．Good habits | B．Bad habits |
| C．Both good habits and bad habits | D．Either good habits or bad habits |
| A．bad habits | B．good habits | C．children | D．other persons |
| A．to form bad habits; to form good habits |
| B．to form good habits; to form bad habits |
| C．to form such habits as will be good; to get rid of bad habits |
| D．to get rid of bad habits; to form good habits |
| A．Because habits are of great help to every one of us. |
| B．Because a man can never get rid of a habit. |
| C．Because it's hard and sometimes even impossible to throw away bad habits. |
| D．Because we are forced to do them again and again. |
| A．has something to do with success |
| B．is an easily formed habit |
| C．is such a habit as should have been avoided |
| D．is such a habit as will be kept |
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科目：高中英语 来源：辽宁省抚顺市2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试 题型：阅读理解
D
A team of scientists proved that seals had a very good sense of hearing. These men trained blind seals to expect food when they heard sounds. The seals always began snapping(猛咬) when a strong signal was sounded.
It was proved that even a soft signal, a considerable distance away, could make these sea animals respond. That should make the fisherman who makes much noise while working, or talks loudly, start thinking.
The same team of scientists also trained seals to recognize different sounds. One bell-tone meant food ,two bell-tones meant no food. In the beginning, the seals made mistakes when the two bell-tones were sounded. They were given a light tap after each mistake. The seals were good learners. They easily learned to tell the difference between the sounds.
67.Why was it necessary to use blind seals? Because they______.
A. were unable to use sight for clues B. had better hearing
C. were waiting to be fed D. were the only animals to be found
68. To those seals strong signal meant_____.
A. snapping B. nothing C. food D. a light tap
69. The article doesn’t say directly but suggests that fishermen usually think______.
A. seals have no good sense of hearing B. seals have good sense of hearing
C. seals can only recognize bell sounds D. seals can not hear soft or long distant sounds
70. Which title will be the best to suit the article?
A. Clever Seals B. Smart Learners
C. An Underwater School D. An Unknown School
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科目：高中英语 来源：湖南省长沙市一中2009-2010学年度高一下学期第一次阶段性考试 题型：阅读理解
E
In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. Now this is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters who have never been close by during of the birth a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.
Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we send them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit patients— even when those patients are their parents. This deprives（剥夺）the dying patient of family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.
Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed about 500 in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.
It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients’ communication in order to truly understand their needs, fears and fantasies. Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their reat need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to deal with the coming of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance before death.
82.The elders of today's Americans________ .
A. are often absent when a family member is born or dying
B. usually see the birth or death of a family member
C. are unfamiliar with birth and death
D. have often experienced the fear of death as part of life
83.Children in America are deprived of the chance to________.
A. visit a patient at hospital B. visit their family members
C. look after the patients D. learn how to face death
84.The need of a dying patient for people to accompany him shows________.
A. his wish for communication with other people
B. his fear of death
C. his unwillingness to die
D. he feels very upset about his condition
85.It may be concluded from the passage that________.
A. dying patients should be truthfully informed of their condition
B. dying patients are afraid of being told of the coming of death
C. most patients are unable to accept death until it can’t be avoided
D. dying patients are not likely to be informed about their condition
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