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PART FOUR WRITING

SECTION A

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.

On 3 March 2009, a package of reforms about ATM charge designed to improve competition in the Australian ATM system came into effect. Specifically, the reforms have made it easier for new providers of ATM services to enter the market and have provided ATM owners with the freedom to charge customers for the use of ATMs. Furthermore, the reforms have increased the transparency of ATM fees by ensuring that the fee charged by the ATM owner is displayed prior(在…之前) to the transaction(交易) being finished, with the customer given the opportunity to cancel the transaction at no cost.

One element of the reforms is the removal of interchange fees that card issuers paid to ATM owners when cardholders used ATMs that did not belong to their financial institution. These fees were often passed on, with a huge profit, by card issuers to cardholders in the form of a “foreign fee”. With the removal of interchange fees, the cost to card issuers when their customers use an ATM belonging to another unit has fallen, reducing the need to charge “foreign fees”.

Following the reforms, an ATM owner can charge a cardholder directly for an ATM transaction. When the ATM owner charges such a fee, it must be disclosed before the cardholder withdraws the cash or makes a balance enquiry, and it doesn’t apply if the transaction is cancelled before completion. And an ATM owner could impose direct charges on all customers, including its own if it’s also a financial institution.

Before the reforms, an interchange fee was paid by the cardholder’s financial institution to the ATM owner whenever a “foreign” ATM transaction was undertaken. And now the interchange fee paid has been cancelled and, in line with this, foreign fees have also fallen. In some cases, including two of the major banks, foreign fees were reduced to zero.

Title:   71___________

I. Time of 72.         : on 3 March 2009

II. 73.          : to improve competition in the Australian ATM system

III. 74.          :

Making it easier for new 75.           to enter the market

Offering ATM owners the freedom to charge customers for 76.        

77. ________________ of ATM fees

78.____________that card issuers paid to ATM owners when cardholders used ATMs not belonging to their financial institution

A cardholder: being charged directly for an ATM transaction

An ATM owner: being able to 79.           on all customers

   IV. 80.           of interchange fee:

Before the reforms: often being charged by the cardholder’s financial institution

After the reforms: having fallen and some being reduced to zero

71. ATM Charge Reforms               72. coming into effect / becoming effective

73. Purpose / Aim / Goal / Intention  74. Advantages / Benefits / Good effects / Good results

75. ATM services providers                    76. using ATMs     

77. Increasing transparency              78. Removing interchange fees 

79. impose direct charges               80. Comparison / Contrast    


解析:

理解上下文意思,注意词意筛选。

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“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”,said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”

Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.

“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”

His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.

“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”

Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.

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B. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.

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PART FOUR WRITING

SECTION A

Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram / Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information for the passage.

Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer

Dieters are often advised to stop drinking alcohol to avoid the extra calories hidden in a glass of wine or a favorite cocktail. But new research suggests that women who regularly consume fair amounts of alcohol are less likely to gain weight than nondrinkers and are at lower risk for fat.

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The trend toward less weight gain among drinkers doesn’t appear to hold true for men. A 2003 study of British men showed that regular drinkers gained more weight than nondrinkers. There may be differences in how men and women metabolize(代谢) alcohol. Metabolic studies show that after men drink alcohol, they experience little if any metabolic change. But alcohol appears to slightly speed up a woman’s metabolism.

The findings don’t mean women should rush to drink alcohol to lose weight. Other research shows that once a person is already overweight, her alcohol metabolism is more efficient, and so an overweight woman may gain more weight from alcohol than a lean woman. The data do, however, suggest that for many women facing weight problems, the extra calories are probably not coming from alcoholic drinks.

Title: Women Who Drink Gain     71    

Ⅰ. Widely known advice

Stop drinking alcohol to avoid the extra calories.

Ⅱ. 72    subjects: 19,220 United States women aged 39 or older of    73  

●about 60 percent-light or regular drinkers;

●about 40 percent-  74  

Ⅲ. Findings

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●nondrinkers gaining more weight over time, 9 pounds on average;

  75   gaining about three pounds on average;

●compared with nondrinkers, women who consumed one or two alcohol drinks a day almost 30 percent    76   to become fat;

●women being    77   men in metabolism

Ⅳ. 78   fact

Mild drinking may    79   to better heart health, but it also increases breast cancer risk.

Ⅴ. Suggestion and conclusion

●Women should not rush to drink alcohol to lose weight.

●For women with weight problems, alcoholic drinks are probably not the 80 of extra calories.

 

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PART FOUR WRITING

SECTION A

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.

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    Six years ago, the software company Purple Moon noticed that girls' computer usage was falling behind boys. Karen Gould with the company says, "The number one reason girls told us they don't like computer games is not that they're too violent, or too competitive. Girls just said they're unbelievably boring." What girls want, Purple Moon found, is characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what's going on in their own lives. "What we definitely found from girls is that there is no intrinsic (内在的) reason why they wouldn't want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing," says Karen Gould.

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I. The present situation:

Before high school: ◆Girls use computers   71   boys.

In high school: ◆Girls make up   72   in computer science classes.

             ◆Girls feel less comfortable with the computer.

             ◆Boys use computers   73   often than girls after class.

             ◆Boys feel more   74   when using computers.

II. The   75   of the situation:

What they do with a computer:

◆Girls prefer to use computers for _ 76  .

◆Boys prefer to use computers for   77   and understanding information.

How they feel about a computer:

◆Girls are afraid of breaking it.

◆Boys are   78   such worry.

Their   79   to computer games:

◆Girls think they are boring because the characters are irrelevant to their lives.

◆Boys don’t have such feelings.

III. The appeal from   80  :

◆The technology gender gap must be closed.

 

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PART FOUR WRITING(45分)

SECTION A(10分)

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Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.

The Chilean earthquake, measuring 8.8 – magnitude, which struck early Saturday morning, released 500 times the energy of the 7.0 – magnitude quake that hit Haiti (海地) last month, a geophysicist told CBS’ “The Early Show. ” Tsunami warnings were issued for much of the Pacific, including Hawaii, following the quake that struck near the Chilean coast.

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Chile has already experienced several aftershocks following the quake.

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I. Tsunami:

72.                 : much of the Pacific, including Hawaii

●Cause: the earthquake moved 73.            

●Wave Heights: about 74.            

75.          : about 500 mph

II. 76.            :

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●Number: at least 79.           

●Loss caused: 80.          

 

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PART FOUR  WRITING

SECTION A

Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Society is a web of relationships, requiring all parties(群体) to work together to create something good. What makes society work best are effective(有效的) relationships that are based on mutual(相互的) understanding. If you understand what people want and why they want it, you can usually find a way to make progress together.

High-quality relationships make people happy. Some people living in the poorest communities have almost nothing but turn out to be the happiest because they share a life together. If effective relationships are working, happiness is always possible.

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Listen to and try to understand others’ positions and feelings. Listening in itself can lead to understanding, and if you understand someone else fully, then you know how to work better with him or her.

Openly express your needs and feelings. Sometimes we expect people—particularly those close to us at home or work—to understand what we want and to give us what we need intuitively(凭直觉地). However, people are so complicated and so different that even when they have lived together for 60 years, they can still surprise each other. So we need to say what we need and to express how we feel.

In order to make our relationships more effective, we should treat ourselves and other people with respect. Respect is one of the most important elements of any good relationship.

Finally, learn to face differences correctly. Learning this takes time and can be uncomfortable. However, if we can try to remove differences in an effective way, we are more likely to build exciting and satisfying relationships with others.

By doing these things you may discover that the happiness you long for is much closer than you thought.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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