Question

The south and east of the Great Lakes is famous for the huge amounts of snow it receives. When the snow starts to fall every year,　people start discussing the phrase “lake-effect snow”.

Lake-effect snow which is influenced by the movement of cold air over the relatively warm water of the Great Lakes often comes in late autumn and early winter. Because of the at least 20 degrees’ difference between the lake water and the overrunning air, it’s easy to form huge amounts of snow.

As the cool air crosses the water of Great Lakes, the lowest levels of the atmosphere begin to warm and pick up moisture. This newly warmed atmosphere is lighter than the cold air above it, so it starts rising. As the changed air continues to climb higher and higher, it finally meets much colder atmosphere which changes the moisture into water drops and ice, forming clouds. After this course repeats a number of times, the clouds become heavier and heavier, and then they are changed into snow and fall down.

The most important point that decides the amount of snowfall is the direction of the wind. If the wind runs perpendicularly（垂直地）across the lake, there won’t be plenty of time for clouds to develop. However, if the wind runs in the opposite direction, clouds will form easily. The longer the cold air travels over the lake, the more moisture it is able to produce, which leads to a greater amount of snow.

The largest amount of the lake-effect snow was found across the U.P. of Michigan, the northwestern Pennsylvania and the far southwestern and northwestern New York, which are all along the south or east of the Great Lakes. It has been over 100 inches of snowfall in a winter season.

1.The level of the snowfall depends on ________.

A．the size of the lake

B．the direction of the wind

C．the temperature of the lake

D．the strength of the wind

2.From the passage, we can learn that ________.

A．clouds are easy to produce with the help of the perpendicular wind

B．cold air always falls down and picks up moisture to form clouds

C．the temperature of the lake water is the same as the overrunning air’s above it

D．the longer journey of the cold atmosphere can make a grater amount of snow

3.The passage is mainly about ________.

A．the influences of the lake-effect snow for local people

B．the weight between moisture and atmosphere

C．how the phrase “lake-effect snow” comes in New York

D．how the lake-effect snow forms around the Great Lakes

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.D

【解析】

试题分析：这篇文章讲述的是美国东北地区五大湖区的大湖效应降雪是如何形成的。

1.细节题。根据文章The most important point that decides the amount of snowfall is the direction of the wind.可知，降雪量的等级取决于风的方向。故选B

2.细节题。根据文章The longer the cold air travels over the lake, the more moisture it is able to produce, which leads to a greater amount of snow.可知，冷空气流过湖面的时间越长，就会产生更多的水分，就导致了大量的雪。故选D

3.主旨题。这篇文章主要讲述的是五大湖区是如何形成大湖效应降雪的。

考点：科普类说明文

点评：本文文脉清晰，结构很好把握。说明文是历年高考很常见的文体，对于科技类的说明文比较难，而对于说物的文体较容易。本文中，把握好一个中心即对五大湖区的大湖效应降雪是如何形成的介绍。同时，此类文章细节题居多，在对文章看懂了的基础在仔细对比选项和文章，即可得出答案。