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    In many ways, the earliest periods of photography are the most satisfying. Learning to use the controls is easy and comes quickly, and you can measure the results in terms of sharp and correctly developed pictures. Once you have mastered that, you can start on the second step of your photographic work. Using these basic skills in the wide variety of situations to give the pictures you want, noticing what you see through the viewfinder and turning that into the most effective picture becomes totally interesting.
    All good photographs have one thing in common: there is no doubt what the subject of the picture is meant to be. Every photographer must use those same standards to his or her work, not only to finished results but to the subject before he or she takes it. Always work out quite clearly what the subject of the picture is to be and why you are taking the picture. For example, "I am going to take a picture of this street to show the different styles and ages of the buildings and that people have been living, working and shopping in them since time began." By doing this you have a better idea of what to include in the picture and what to leave out. How often have you been shown photographs taken by people away on a trip somewhere? The judgment is always similar, something about "the car park is out of the picture to the left", or "you can't quite see from this picture but if you go up the street". The photographs are usually collections of buildings, people, parked cars, possibly a distant look of an ancient church, and best of all, a figure which you are told is Aunt Henrietta, disappearing in the middle distance. When photographers show you their pictures, they have a clear idea of what they want to bring to your attention, but it often does not appear in the picture. If they had given just a little of their time to think about their future judgment before taking the picture, then the picture would relate its own story. Good pictures can show their subjects quickly and easily.
    64. What does the author mean by saying "in many ways, the earliest periods of photography are the most satisfying"?
    A. The skills of photography are not as satisfactory nowadays as before.
    B. The earliest pictures were the best pictures people have ever taken.
    C. The present-day photography depends more on technology than on art.
    D. Learning to produce a sharp and correctly developed picture is only the first step in photography and is easily learned.
    65. What will it bring you if you decide the purpose of the photograph in advance?
    A. It will allow you to leave out unnecessary material.
    B. It will allow you to stand in the best place.
    C. It will help you to vary the subjects of your pictures.
    D. It means you will waste less time.
    66. Many photographers fail because ______.
    A. their pictures include both buildings and people    
    B. everything is not clear in their pictures
    C. the subjects of their pictures are not obvious
    D. the explanation given for their pictures is mistaken
    67. What book is this passage most likely taken from?
    A. A book on photography for news reporters.   B. A book on how to photograph people.
    C. A book on choosing the right camera.           D. A book on improving photographic techniques.

    小题1:D
    小题2:A
    小题3:C
    小题4:D
             
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