Human beings have a natural desire to explore the unknown. People with a strong interest in space like to say it is the last place left to explore. But scientists are warning that space exploration fo 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Human beings have a natural desire to explore the unknown. People with a strong interest in space like to say it is the last place left to explore. But scientists are warning that space exploration for long periods is not going to be easy. They say the human body is not designed to stay in space over an extended period.
The New York Times recently published a report about scientists who are preparing astronauts for a trip to the Moon. The newspaper said the scientists want to make sure that their crews return home in good health. But there are many problems to be solved before people are ready for long trips to the Moon, an asteroid or even the planet Mars.
Humans developed on a planet with a surface that is more than 70 percent water. Our bodies are also about 70 percent water. When there is no gravity that water moves up toward the head, raising pressure in the skull. Arms and legs grow weaker at what is called zero gravity because they no longer need to push against the force of gravity.
Five years ago, astronauts who spent weeks in space reported a change in their eyesight. These astronauts were members of the crew on the International Space Station. Research showed a change in the shape of their eyes. Normally-round eyeballs had become flat during time in space. The research also showed that the right eye was affected more than the left, and that men were more affected than women. Scientists could not find an explanation for the differences.
Bone loss was one of the problems first reported by astronauts returning to Earth after longer stays in space. So scientists designed exercise machines to use on the space station. Tests showed that the exercise equipment helped space travelers keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth.
There are other health issues for astronauts who spend a long time in space. They may have problems eating and sleeping. But the biggest health issue is exposure to radiation. On Earth, human beings are protected by the atmosphere and the planet's magnetic field. In outer space, there is no such protection.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage？

A．Long periods in space will affect the health of astronauts.

B．Scientists are trying to find out how to protect astronauts.

C．Space is dangerous to human beings.

D．People shouldn’t explore space.

小题2:What will happen to human bodies in space？

A．Arms and legs grow stronger at what is called zero gravity

B．Blood moves up toward the head.

C．Pressure in the skull will be raised.

D．All of the above.

小题3:The following are problems mentioned in the passage Except________.

A．bone loss

B．loss of water

C．eyesight

D．exposure to radiation

小题4:Why did scientists design exercise machines to use on the space station?

A．To make sure that their crews return home in good health.

B．To help astronauts keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth.

C．To help astronauts get ready for long trips to the Moon, an asteroid or even the planet Mars.

D．To let astronauts adapt to the environment of space.

小题5:What is true according to the passage?

A．The biggest health issue is exposure to Sunshine.

B．Research showed a change in the size of their eyes.

C．The right eye was affected less than the left.

D．Men were more affected than women.

小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:B
小题5:D

试题分析：文章介绍的是长时间在太空里会对宇航员的健康造成危害。具体谈论了有那些危害，是怎么造成的，怎么解决这样的问题。
小题1:主旨题：从第一段的句子：But scientists are warning that space exploration for long periods is not going to be easy. They say the human body is not designed to stay in space over an extended period.可知这篇文章讲的是长时间在太空里会对宇航员的健康造成危害。选A。
小题2:细节题：从第三段的句子：When there is no gravity that water moves up toward the head, raising pressure in the skull. Arms and legs grow weaker at what is called zero gravity because they no longer need to push against the force of gravity.可知在太空中人的头骨的压力会增加。A项错在腿和膀子会变弱，B项错在是水分会到头脑里面，所以选C
小题3:细节题：从文章的内容：可知在太空太长时间，会导致骨质疏松，视力问题和暴露于辐射，而没有说会脱水，选B
小题4:细节题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：Tests showed that the exercise equipment helped space travelers keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth.
可知科学家设计在太空站的运动设备，是想帮助宇航员保持骨头和离开地球时一样强健，选B
小题5:细节题：从文章第五段的句子：and that men were more affected than women.可知在太空对男性的影响比对女性的影响大，选D

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小题1:

A．happened to

B．took place

C．occurred to

D．came across

小题2:

A．graduates

B．teachers

C．students

D．teenagers

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A．depending

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小题4:

A．led to

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A．spend

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A．demand

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A．energy

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C．joy

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A．what

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C．point

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A．abandoned

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