Question

Puerto Rico may be part of the USA but its music and dance is a mixture of both Spanish and African rhythms. The country, as a result, is a mixture of very new and very old. It exhibits the open American way of yet retains the more formal Spanish influences. This is reflected in the architecture, not just the contrast between the colonial and the modern in urban areas but also in the countryside, where older buildings sit side by side with concrete schools and buildings.
However, if you do not wander beyond the tourist areas on the coast, you will not experience the real Puerto Rico. Old volcanic mountains, long inactive, occupy a large part of the interior（内陆）, with the highest peak, Cerro de Punta, at 1,338m in the Cordillera Central. North of the Cordillera is the karst （岩溶）country where the limestone（石灰石）has been acted upon by water to produce a series of small steep hills and deep holes. The mountains are surrounded by a coastal plain with the Atlantic shore beaches cooled all the year round by trade winds.
The population is 3.8 million, of which about 1.5 million live in San Juan, although about another two million Puerto Ricans live in the USA Average life expectancy is 73.8 years and GDP per capita is US $12,212, the highest in Latin America, although not up to the level of mainland USA. Most Puerto Ricans do not speak English and less than 30% speak it fluently. Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York but who have returned to the island, are called Nuyoricans. The people are very friendly and hospitable but there is crime, liked to drugs and unemployment.
【小题1】What are the disadvantages of Puerto Rico?

A．Too many Puerto Ricans live in the USA

B．Few people in Puerto Rico can speak English

C．Puerto Rico’s GDP is lower than that of the USA

D．Social problem connected with drugs and lack of jobs.

【小题2】We can learn from the passage that Puerto Rico _________.

A．is a state of the United States	B．used to be ruled by Spain
C．is an agricultural country	D．is gently affected by Africa

【小题3】Nuyorican is a person who _______.

A．has been living in New York

B．is living in New York

C．was born in New York but has returned to Puerto Rico

D．has got the citizenship of America

【小题4】What does the underlined word “retains” mean?

A．loses

B．keeps

C．enjoys

D．returns

Answer 1

【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】B

解析试题分析：文章讲述了波多黎各的人文自然景观，以及它的人口分布情况，绝大多数的波多黎各人所说的语言并非英语，波多黎各也存在毒品和失业率高等问题。
【小题1】细节题。从最后一段The people are very friendly and hospitable but there is crime, liked to drugs and unemployment.可知波多黎各也存在一些与毒品和失业有关的社会问题。故选D
【小题2】推断题。从第一句Puerto Rico may be part of the USA but its music and dance is a mixture of both Spanish and African rhythms.可知它并非是美国的一个州，从It exhibits the open American way of yet retains the more formal Spanish influences. 可知，它保留着更多的正统的西班牙的影响，可知它曾被西班牙统治过。故选B
【小题3】细节题。从最后一段Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York but who have returned to the island, 可知，那些出身在美国，后又回到波多黎各的人，故选C
【小题4】推断题。从第一段可知，波多黎各这个国家是新旧的结合体，它有美国人的开放的生活方式，也有更多的西班牙因素，这些可以反映在建筑上，所以推出是保留的意思，故选B
考点：政治经济文化类说明文
点评：本文属于说明文中较容易的文体。说明文是历年高考很常见的文体，对于科技类的说明文比较难，而对于介绍地方的文体较容易。本文中，把握好是对波多黎各的人文景观的描述。同时，此类文章对于细节题，在对文章看懂了的基础再仔细对比选项和文章，即可得出答案。