Question

    Confucius (551—497 BC) was a thinker,educator,and founder of the Ru School for Chinese thought.

    He was a well-known leader in philosophy and he also made many wise phrases and theories about the law,life,and the government that helped many people learn about nature,the world,and human beings.

Confucius's social philosophy largely centres around the concept of ‘‘ ren ”，which is “ loving others ” and

    ‘‘ honouring one's parents”. Those who have developed “ren” are “simple in manner and slow of speech”. For Confucius,such concern for others is proved through the practice of the Golden Rule ：u What you do not wish for yourself,do not do to others. ”

    Confucius thinks a good ruler is to have “de” or  virtuewhich allows one to win peopled support without using any force and keep good order in his state without troubling himself,and that a ruler should rule his people by his own example and treat them with love and concern.

     A characteristic of Confucius's thoughts is his emphasis (强调) on education and study. u A good teacher is someone who knows well the ways of the past and the practices of the ancients ” and he also thinks “ He who leams but does not think is lost. He who thinks biit does not learn is in great danger”.

    Confucius did not write down the principles of his philosophy;these were handed down only through his students. a book compiled (编撰) by some of his students,is considered the most dependable source of information about his life and teachings. One of the historical works that he is said to have compiled and edited,The Spring and Autumn Annals,is describing Chinese history in the state of Lu from 722 BC to 481 B C.

     Since Confucius teachings and philosophy was so advanced,it was the education for China for 2 ,000 years. It is called Confucianism.

36. The passage mainly discusses.

   A. Confucius and his great thoughts

   B. the life of Confucius

   C. Confucius's influence on students

   D. Confucius's teaching methods

37. Confucius's philosophical thinking can help people know about all the following EXCEPT .

   A. humans   B. nature

   C. the world   D. the sun

38. Which of the following expresses Confucius’ s  educational idea?

   A. What you do not wish for yourself,do not do to others.

   B. Learning and thinking should go hand in hand.

   C. “Loving others ”and “honouring one's parents”.

   D. A ruler should love and care about his people.

39. According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true?

   A. Confucius was founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.

   B. The Spring and Autumn Annals is a historical book.

   C. Confucius has a great effect on Chinese society.

   D. Lun Yu is a book compiled by Confucius.

40. We can infer from the passage that a teacher should be a person who .

   A. is old and experienced enough

   B. leams but doesn’t think

   C. does things according to good old ways

   D. thinks a lot but doesn’t learn

Answer 1

36. A解析:主旨大意题文章的第三段主 要讨论的是孔子的社会哲学;第四段谈论 的是他的政治哲学:第五段是他的教育观 点。所以A符合题意。

37. D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的后半部分“ helped many people leam about nature,the world,and human beings. ”可知没有提到D项。

38. B解析：细节理解题。

A、C都反映了他 的社会观，D反映了他的政治观，从第五段 可以看出B反映了他的教育观^故选   B.

39. D解析:细节判断题。从首段可知A表 述正确。从倒数第二段可知B表述正确。 从最后一段可知C表述正确。而从倒数第 二段的 “ A. a book compiled by some of his students.可知D与文意不符，故 选D 

40. C解析：推理判断题。.从倒数第三段中 的“ ‘ A good teacher is someone who knows well the ways of the past and the practices of the ancients’ ”可知孔子认为老师应该是一 个熟悉过去并且身体力行的人，因此选 C.