People wear hats for three main reasons: protection, communication, and decoration.Protection. People first began to wear hats to 1 themselves from the climate. In hot, sunny climates, wide-edged hats 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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People wear hats for three main reasons: protection, communication, and decoration.
Protection. People first began to wear hats to ___1___ themselves from the climate. In hot, sunny climates, wide-edged hats provide ___2___ from the sun. In cold climates, people often wear wool hats. In some regions, people wear a variety of protective hats, ___3___ the season. They may wear a wool hat in winter, a rain hat in spring or fall, and a wide-edged hat in summer. Hats also provide protection in certain ___4___. Construction workers, football players, military personnel, and people in many other fields wear metal or plastic helmets(头盔)for protection from ___5___.
Communication. Hats can communicate various things about the people who wear them. The hats of coal miners, cowboys and firemen indicate the wearer's ___6___. Students may wear a mortarboard (学位帽) to show they are graduating from high school or college.
Decoration. Most people wear a hat that they believe makes them look attractive, ___7___ the hat's main purpose may be protection or communication. Many protective hats are attractive and stylish. Even the caps of police officers and military personnel are designed to ___8___ the wearer's appearance. Certain decorative hats are worn as a (n) ___9___. In Scotland, for example, people wear a cap called a tam-o'-shanter that is part of their national costume (服装). Many people change their style of hat from time to time because they feel more ___10___ when keeping up with the latest fashion.
1. A. defend     B. protect    C. prevent   D. hide
2. A. shade    B. shadow      C. security    D. cover
3. A. resulting from  B. basing upon
C. relating to D. depending on
4. A. seasons      B. climates     C. activities    D. communities
5. A. injury     B. destruction   C. harm   D. pollution
6. A. experience     B. occupation  C. personality D. education
7. A. as   B. unless   C. though D. because
8. A. change    B. increase   C. display   D. improve
9. A. tradition  B. label    C. honour     D. fashion
10. A. sociable    B. informal    C. attractive    D. noble

1—6 BADCAB 7—10CDAC

人们为什么要带帽子？文章告诉你三大原因——保护，交流和装饰。
1、逻辑推理前后照应词义比较人们戴帽有保护、交流和装饰三个原因。开始时，人们戴帽是为了保护自己免遭季节气候的伤害。与前面的Protection(其名词形式)一致，与后文的protective一致，且后文竟出现了also provide protection。对后几句给予总结。defend防护, 辩护, 防卫；protect保护; 保卫；“保护……以免遭受危险或伤害等”；prevent 防止, 预防; 指“采取预先行动或用障碍物使不发生或停止”；hide 隐藏, 掩藏, 隐瞒, 掩饰。
2、词义辨析逻辑推理夏日，宽沿的帽子遮挡炎热的太阳光，提供荫凉。shade荫处，阴暗(部分); 阴凉的地方；shadow阴影, 影子, 隐蔽处, 阴暗；security平安; 安全；cover掩饰, 保护, 掩护。
3、逻辑推理词义比较在有些地区，人们视季节的不同而戴各式各样的起保护性作用的帽子，如冬季戴羊绒帽，春秋两季戴雨帽，夏季戴宽沿帽。resulting from由……产生，原因是……；basing upon以……为根据； relating to与……有关/联系；depending on依赖于……，视……而定。
4、逻辑推理前后照应人们在一些特定活动中也戴帽子以得到保护。后文列举了这样的一些活动内容。seasons 季节；climates气候；activities活动，行为；communities团体，社会。
5、词义辨析 injury 伤害，侮辱，一般指对人所造成的身心方面的伤害；destruction 破坏，毁灭，一般指对物件或设施所带来的无法挽救的毁灭性的损失。harm 伤害，损害，通常有于抽象的表达方式中。pollution 污染，玷污。
6、词义比较常识运用矿工、牛仔、救护队员的帽子显示出他们各自的工作，职责(occupation)，而非其经验(experience)、个性(personality)或是所受的教育(education)。
7、语句连贯虽然帽子的重要用途是保护和交流作用，但许多人戴帽子是为了好看。表示让步关系，用though。
8、逻辑推理常识运用词义辨析即便是警官和军人的帽子也是特别设计出来以达到改进增强穿戴者的外观。change 改变，变化，可能向好的方向，也可能向坏的方向变化；increase 增加, 增大，通常指在数量、体积程度上的提高；display 陈列，展览，显示；improve 改善，改进，通常指朝好的有益的方向发展。
9、常识运用词义比较人们戴某些装饰性的帽子是作为某一标志。如苏格兰人的一种特别的帽子是其民族服饰的组成部分A. tradition 传统，惯例；label 标签，标志；honour 尊敬, 敬意, 荣誉；D. fashion流行, 风尚。
10、前后照应逻辑推理许多人不时地变换帽子的款式以跟上最新的时尚，使他们感觉更为迷人漂亮(attractive)。与前文的Decoration 一致。A. sociable 好交际的，友善的；informal不正式的，不拘礼节的；吸引人的，有魅力的，noble高尚的，高贵的。

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While laws are to ban cloning at this time, some scientists believe that the technology is not ready to be tested on humans. Ian Wilmut, one of the co-creators of Dolly, has even said that human cloning projects would be an irresponsible crime. Cloning technology is still in its early stages, and nearly 98% percent of cloning efforts end in failure. The embryos are either not suitable for implanting into the uterus(子宫) or they die shortly after birth.
The clones that do survive end up suffering from deadly or problematic genetic abnormalities(畸形). Some clones have been born with faulty heart, lung problems and blood vessel problems. One of the most famous cases was a cloned sheep that was born with but malformed arteries(畸形动脉) leading to the lungs.
Opponents of cloning will point out that we can enthanize(安乐死) these faulty clones of other animals, but they ask what if a human clone is born with these same problems. Advocates of cloning respond that it is now easier to pick out faulty embryos even before they are implanted into the mother. The debate over human cloning is just beginning, but as science advances, it could be the biggest moral dilemma of the 21st century.
68. Which word in the text is the opposite of the underlined word “opponents”?
A. critics B. advocates C. scientists D. co-creators
69. The writer writes this passage mainly to ________________.
A. support passing laws to ban human cloning
B. list problems with human cloning
C. introduce critics’ ideas about human cloning
D. state the debate over human cloning
70. Which of the following will Ian Wilmut probably NOT agree with?
A. Cloning technology is in its early stages.
B. Human cloning should be made illegal.
C. Very few cloning efforts are successful.
D. Cloning technology is ready to be tested on humans

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