In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self worth relied (依赖)on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them，playing well and winning are often life and death affairs. In their single minded pursuit(追求)of success，the development，of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.?
However，while sonic seem to be lost in die desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only die winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1. What does this passage mainly talk about? ?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.?
B. Opinions about competition are different among people.?
C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.?
D. Failures are necessary experiences in competition.?
2. Why do some people favor competition according to the passage? ?
A. It pushes society forward.
B. It builds up a sense of duty.?
C. It improves personal abilities.
D. It encourages individual efforts.?
3. The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means .
A. those who try their best to win ?
B. those who value competition most highly ?
C. those who are against competition most strongly ?
D. those who rely on others most for success?
4. What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?
A. One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.?
B. One’s success in competition needs great efforts.?
C. One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.?
D. One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
5. Which point of view may the author agree to? ?
A. Every effort should be paid back.?
B. Competition should be encouraged.?
C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.?
D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.?
1.解析：主旨大意题。此文介绍不同人在竞争上人们持不同态度。其余选项均不能概括全文。
答案：B
2.解析：细节推断题。由第一段第二句可知。 ?
答案：A
3.解析：词义猜测题。文中第三段第二行提到那些人强烈谴责竞争，故下文“the most vocal”指他们中的人，故C项正确。?
答案：C
4.解析：归纳判断题。由文章最后一段倒数第四行“both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others”可知。 ?
答案：A
5.解析：综合归纳判断题。作者的态度观点在第三段已有体现，但最后一句最明显的表明了作者的态度。?
答案：D?
智趣寒假作业云南科技出版社系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
AGift giving proven to be valuable.
B.Memories from gift giving
C.Moments and events for gift giving
D.Various functions of gift giving
E.Gift giving as a wasteful practice
F.Gift giving as a two-way social activity
G.Gift Giving
61. _____________
There are many occasions（场合） for giving gifts in modern industrialinzed societies;birthdays,naming ceremonies, weddings, anniversaries, New Year, It is common to give gifts on many of these celebrations in western cultures. In addition, special events, such as one’ s first day of school or graduation from university, often require gift fiving.
62._____________
What is happening when we give gifts? Most important, we are exchanging gifts. If someone gives me a gift for my birthday, I know that I am usually expected to give one on his or her next birthday. A gift builds up or confirms a social oblingation（义务）.
63.__________
Gifts tighten personal relationships and provide a means of communication between loved ones. People say that a gift lets the recipient（接受者） know we are thinking of them, and that we want to make the person “feel special.”We want people to feel wanted, to feel part of our social or family group. We give presents to say “I’m sorry.”Sometimes it is difficult for us to find a present that someone will like. Sometimes we give things that we like or would frrl comfortable with. In all these cases, the gifts are sending out messages－often very expressive ones.
64. ___________
People tend to talk about presents in a fairly loving way. A woman whose mother had died years ago described the many gifts around her house.These were gifts that her mother had given her over the years:“I appreciate these, and they mean something to me,”the woman said,“because I remember the occasions they were given on, and that they were from my mother, and the relationship we’ve had.”The gifts remain and keep the relationship alive in mind. This woman felt the same way about the gifts she gave to others. She hoped that the recipients would look at here gifts in years to come and
65. _________
Emotions(情感)like these suggest that a positive spirit still lies behind gift giving. They prove that the anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss was wrong to say that modern western gift giving is highly wasteful. Studies in Canada and elsewhere have also shown that this is not the case. Each gift is unique even if so many are given.The emotional benefit for those who exchange gifts is the very reason for the tradition to continue.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届山东省济宁市高二12月质检英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Just as the English language has changed quickly in the previous century, so has the use of it.
After the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) was founded in 1927, the particular style of speech of the BBC announcers was recognized as standard English or Received Pronunciation (RP) English. Now, most people still consider that the pronunciation and delivery of BBC announcers is the clearest and most understandable spoken English.
English has had a strong relationship with classes and social positions. However, since the Second World War there has been a clear change of attitude towards speech snobbery(自我优越感), and marks of class distinction(区别) such as styles of speech have been gradually diminishing, especially in the younger generation.
By the end of the 1960s, it had become clear that it was not necessary to speak standard English or even correct grammar to become popular, successful and rich. The fashionable speech of the day was no longer the special right of a special class but rather a defiant(反抗的) expression of classlessness.
The greatest single influence of the shaping of the English language in modern times is the American English. Over the last 25 years the English used by many people, particularly by those in the media, advertising and show business, has become more and more mid-Atlantic in style, delivery and accent.
In the 1970s, fashion favored careless pronunciation and a language full of jargon, slang and “in” words, a great quantity of which couldn’t be understood by the outside world. What is considered modern and fashionable in Britain today is often not the kind of English taught in schools and colleges.
1.Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The use of the English language has not changed much in the previous century.
B．BBC announcers speak standard English.
C．English has no relationship with classes and social positions now.
D．Young people don’t like class distinction.
2.What does the author imply by saying “there has been a clear change of attitude towards speech snobbery”?
A．Everyone speaks English as the BBC announcers do.
B．There has been a great change of attitudes towards the status of English.
C．Most people don’t believe the way of speaking by BBC announcers is much better than that of other people.
D．It is necessary to speak standard English with correct grammar.
3.According to the author, there was a trend in the US for young people ________.
A．to speak standard English
B．to speak English with grammatical mistakes
C．to speak old English
D．to speak English without class distinction
4.It can be concluded from the passage that________.
A．standard English is taught only in schools and colleges
B．there has been a great change in the English language in the previous century
C．the English language has not been influenced by the American English in the last 25 years
D．young people are defiant because they refuse to speak standard English
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届黑龙江龙东地区高一下学期教学联合体期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Recently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called MoneyandtheMeaningofLife. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our daytoday life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value in life.
He says that our relation with others often becomes clearly defined when money enters the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you have a very good friend. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Or it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn't. This person may say that he has a certain feeling, but if it is not carried out in the money world, there is something less real about it.
Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.
Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich?
Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I do not know much. All I am is rich.
People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? In his book, the professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.
1.The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money ________.
|
A．is a good way to test your friendship |
|
B．will do harm to your friendship |
|
C．will strengthen your friendship |
|
D．is a good way to break off your friendship |
2.What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview?
|
A．He does not feel that he is well educated. |
|
B．He does not think that he is a very important person. |
|
C．He does not think that being rich is worth so much attention. |
|
D．He does not consider himself to be very successful. |
3.What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?
|
A．Money is an end. |
B．Money is a means. |
|
C．Money is everything. |
D．Money is unimportant. |
4.Which of the following might the author disagree with?
|
A．Money is important in modern society. |
|
B．The meaning of life does not completely lie in money. |
|
C．Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness |
|
D．Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：江苏省20092010学年高二下学期期末考试试卷（英语） 题型：阅读理解
We lived in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people think that craft(手艺) no longer exists.
One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid, and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability(持久性). “Homes in those days were well-built,” they say. No doubt these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.
Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price. For example, more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways, although they were once fairly common in older homes. Nor can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway. Yet if someone can pay the high cost, there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways. And not only would these carpenters know how to build them, they would probably do a better job than carpenters of old.
One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a better job is much more advanced tools. Such tools as laser beams and power planes help them lay out a house better and make more precision cuts on the wood. Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs.
The problems of modern quality, then, really boils down to the problem of material, for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago, but only if given proper material.
1． Compared to the carpenters in the past, modern carpenters are _______.
|
A．more successful |
B．more learned |
|
C．more imaginative |
D．more hardworking |
2． What does the underlined word “they” (paragraph 2) refer to?
carpenters who are fond of oak stairways.
carpenters who have college degrees.
people who think highly of carpenters of old.
people who think that modern material is of low quality.
3． What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?
People in the past preferred to use oak to build stairways.
It is now expensive to employ a carpenter.
Modern houses last as long as the old one.
Good carpenters still exist in modern times.
4． What would be the best title for the text?
Is Craft Dead?
Craft, Back to life?
History of craftsmanship
Carpenters Today and Yesterday
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科目：高中英语 来源：广西柳州市2009-2010学年高一下学期第一次阶段考试题（英语） 题型：短文改错
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
答题要求：此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
To everyone in the world, money was a sensitive (敏感) topic. 76. ______________
No one can live with money in modern society. People 77. ______________
have different opinions on them. Some people think one should 78. ______________
live to make money, and others, make money to live. 79. ______________
In my opinion, the latter (后一种) view may be much reasonable. 80. ______________
We should not be the slaves of money. Although money 81. ______________
means a lot of in our life, it does not mean everything. We 82. ______________
cannot exchange (交换) it friendship or love. Money indeed can 83. ______________
make a person enjoy his life for a while but all his life. 84. ______________
In a word, money is something but not anything. 85. ______________
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