Question

19．

A．Be well-organized． B．Close with a Q & A． C．Don't be contradictory． D．Bring it to a specific end． E．Speak slowly and pause． F．Drop unnecessary words．

Speaking to a group can be difficult，but listening to a bad speech is truly a tiresome task-especially when the speaker is confusing．Don't want to confuse your audience？Follow these suggestions：
76．E
When it comes to understanding new information，the human brain needs a little time．First，we hear the words； then，we compare the new information to what we already know．If the two are different，we need to pause and think．But a breathless speaker never stops to let us think about what he or she is saying and risks confusing us．Slow it．
77．C
Sometimes we all start a sentence one way and then switch directions，which is very difficult to follow．When you confuse your listeners with opposing information，you leave the audience wondering what part of the information is right and what part they should remember．Instead of relying and keeping correcting yourself，work to get the facts clear and straight．
78．A
Jumping from point to point as it comes to your mind puts the onus （责任）on your listeners to make up for your lack of organization．And it's confusing for them to listen，reorganize，and figure out what you're saying all at once．But going smoothly from one point to the next helps them understand information more easily．You can arrange things from beginning to end，small to large，top to bottom or by some other order．Just be sure to organize．
79．F
Repeated use of um，ah，like，you know and some other useless noises can drive an audience crazy．It makes the speaker sound uncertain and unprepared，and it can leave listeners so annoyed that they can't pay attention．Recently I attended a speech that was marked by so many ums that audience members were rolling their eyes．Was anybody grasping the intended message？Um，probably not．
80．D
Many speakers finish up their speeches with question-and-answer （Q & A） sessions，but some let the Q & A go on without a clear end．The audience is often left confused about whether the meeting is over and when they can get up and leave．Do your listeners a favour by setting a time limit on questions，and close your speech with a specific signal-even if it's something simple like，"If you have any more questions，you know where to reach me．"Or even more to the point，conclude your speech with"Thanks for your time．"

Answer 1

分析 本文主要向读者介绍了演讲时如何避免使听众困惑的几点建议．说得慢点并有停顿，别自相矛盾，要有条不紊，去掉没必要的口头语，要有一个专门的结尾语．

解答 76--80 ECAFD
76．E 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据本段中When it comes to understanding new information，the human brain needs a little time．我们在理解新的信息时需要一些时间，建议演讲者要慢下来，停一下，喘口气，主题句应该是：说得慢点并有停顿．故选E．
77．C 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据本段中Instead of relying on keeping correcting yourself，work to get the facts clear and straight可知，作者是建议演讲者不要总是说了又改，而应清晰直接地直奔主题，避免自相矛盾，主题句应是：别自相矛盾．故选C．
78．A 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据本段中You can arrange things from beginning to end，small to large，top to bottom or by some other order．Just be sure to organise可知，作者是建议演讲者要组织得条理清楚，主题句应是：要有条不紊．故选A．
79．F 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据本段中Repeated use of um，ah，like，you know and some other useless noises can drive an audience crazy可知，演讲时没必要的话会使人发疯，主题句应是：去掉没必要的口头语．故选F．
80．D 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据本段中Many speakers finish up their speeches with question-and-answer （Q & A） sessions，but some let the Q & A go on without a clear end可知，提到有些演讲者没有一个清晰的结尾，这让听众很迷惑，不知道演讲结束与否．主题句应是：要有一个专门的结尾语．故选D．

点评 七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全作对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力，有必要进行专门练习．首先，快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置．其次，快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意．其三，注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词，七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项．最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确．