【题目】When computer servers operate a complex program, they can get very hot. Cooling the servers can be costly. So researchers asked what would happen if the heat created by the servers could be captured and used?
Data centers of large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computer servers. As these servers process information, they create large amounts of heat, so they need huge cooling systems, which send the heat into the air.
The Dutch company Nerdalize thinks paying for electricity to operate the servers and then paying again to cool them is a waste of energy. So it developed a device called the e-Radiator, a computer server that also works as a heating source.
Boaz Leupe, the chief executive officer of Nerdalize, says the e-Radiator saves money because companies don’t have to pay to cool their servers. “…The kilowatt hour you are using is used twice — once to heat the home and once to compute the client’s task without the cooling expenses.”
At present five homeowners in the Netherlands are testing the heating device in their homes.
“We compensate the electricity the server uses, and that we can do because of the computer clients on the other side, and, in that way, homeowners actually get heating for free, and computer users don’t have to pay for the expenses of the data center.”
Jan Visser is one of the participants in the year-long experiment. He notices that the amount of heat produced by the e-Radiator depends on the work being done by the computer server. He reveals it cannot be used as the primary source of heat. But he is ready to try it. “If it provides enough warmth, I will be able to use my home’s heating system less, which will save me money.” he added.
Nerdalize says e-Radiators create heat temperatures of up to 55 degrees Celsius. It’s also said that the devices could save users up to $440 in heating costs a year.
【1】What can we learn from this passage?
A. E-Radiator can save homeowners a big sum of money in cooling the computers.
B. Google and Nerdalize developed the heating device, e-Radiator.
C. E-Radiator has been put into use in the Netherlands.
D. The heating device will benefit computer users as well as homeowners.
【2】According to the passage, what’s Jan Visser’s attitude towards e-Radiator?
A. Cautious. B. Positive. C. Satisfied. D. Doubtful.
【3】Where can we most probably read the passage?
A. In an economic report.
B. In a science magazine.
C. In an education newspaper.
D. In a computer guide book.
【4】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Money-saving heating device.
B. E-Radiator, the primary source of heat.
C. Hot computers could be used to heat home.
D. Nerdalize developed e-Radiator, a heating system.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】B
【3】B
【4】C
【解析】
试题分析：短文主要讲的是利用新发明e-Radiator来充分利用电脑散发出来的热量给家庭供暖。
【1】D 细节理解题。根据第五段和第六段homeowners actually get heating for free可知，答案选D。
【2】B 细节理解题。根据第七段But he is ready to try it.可知，Jan Visser的态度是积极的，故选B。
【3】B 推理判断题。短文主要讲的是e-Radiator在电脑散热方面的应用，有可能出现在科学类杂志上，故选B。
【4】C 文章大意题。短文主要讲的是将电脑散发出来的热量试着用来给家里供暖，故最佳标题选C。
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【题目】Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling (循环利用). Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
【1】What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?
A. Using too much packaging.
B. Recycling too many wastes.
C. Making more products than necessary.
D. Having more material than is needed.
【2】The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show_________________.
A. the tendency of cutting household waste
B. the increase of packaging recycling
C. the rapid growth of supermarkets
D. the fact of packaging overuse
【3】What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D. Other products are better packaged than food.
【4】What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B. Needless material is mostly recycled.
C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.
D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.
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【题目】Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
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A. At the Curie Institute.
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【3】In which of the following aspects was Irene Curie different from her mother?
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