Question

A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are.

It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitants of a particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes or rats.

Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable. And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.

But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate: the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperament? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows?

We are not yet sure of the answers to such questions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.

1._____ might serve as a suitable title for this selection.

A．The Importance of Geographical Environment

B．The Influence of Geographical Environment on Man

C．Generalization of Types of People

D．Geographical Environment, a Mysterious Subject

2.Using context clues we may infer that " iodine, fluoride and calcium" are _____.

A．substances which act positively or negatively on man's health

B．harmful substances in the water supply

C．substances which help provide breeding places for pests

D．substances contributory to good health

3.We may infer from the third paragraph that geography and climate play an important role in determining the inhabitants' _____.

A．health condition	B．personality
C．life-span	D．all of the above

4.According to the author, research into the influence of geography and climate should_____.

A．focus on some unknown aspects

B．be pursued on a larger scale

C．be carried out within a larger scope

D．go much deeper

5.The author hopes that studies on the influence of geographical environment will enable us to           

A．generalize better about types of people

B．find better water supplies

C．gain an insight into its influence on mankind

D．live to a ripe old age

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.C

【解析】

试题分析：

1.B 推理题。根据文章主题段第一段A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind.说明本文是关于地理和气候对人的心里和生理健康的影响，故B正确。

2.A 推理题。根据第二段2,3,4行scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply,说明iodine, fluoride, calcium就是指让人收到影响的这些物质，故A正确。

3.B 推理题。根据第三段所举的例子说明在不同的地方生活的人也许会有不同的性格，故地理和气候的因素也许会对人的性格产生影响，故B正确。

4.D 细节题。根据第四段第二句the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth.说明我们的研究应该更为深入一些，故D正确。

5.C 细节题。根据文章最后一句let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.说明希望能让我们从这样的研究里了解更多。

考点：考查科普类短文阅读

点评：本文是关于地理和气候对人的心里和生理健康的影响。集中考查推理题，需要考生在阅读时注意字里行间的言外之意，要根据上下文准确定位，合理推测。