Question

【题目】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。

In Greek mythology, the Trojan(特洛伊) War was started against the city of Troy by the Greeks after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta. The war is one of the most important events in Greek mythology and has appeared in many works of Greek literature, most notably through Homers(荷马) Iliad. The Iliad relates a part of the last year of the siege(包围) of Troy; the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus, one of the war’s heroes. Other parts of the war are described in a cycle of epic poems(史诗), which have survived through fragments. The war provided material for Greek tragedy and other works of Greek literature, and for Roman poets including Virgil and Ovid.

The war originated from a quarrel between the goddesses Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite, after Eris, the goddess of strife and discord(不和谐), gave them a golden apple marked “for the fairest”. Zeus sent the goddesses to Paris, who judged that Aphrodite, as the “fairest”, should receive the apple. In exchange, Aphrodite made Helen, the most beautiful of all women and wife of Menelaus, fall in love with Paris, who took her to Troy. Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and the brother of Helen’s husband Menelaus, led an expedition of Greek troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years because of Paris’ insult. After the deaths of many heroes the city fell to the ruse(策略) of the Trojan Horse. The Greeks slaughtered(大屠杀) the Trojans and desecrated(亵渎) the temples, thus earning the gods’ great anger. Few of the Greeks returned safely to their homes.

The ancient Greeks treated the Trojan War as an historical event which had taken place in the 13th or 12th century BC, and believed that Troy was located in modern-day Turkey near the Dardanelles. As of the mid-19th century, both the war and the city were widely believed to be non-historical. In 1868, however, the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann met Frank Calvert, who convinced Schliemann that Troy was at Hissarlik; this claim is now accepted by most scholars. They believe that there is a historical core to the tale. However, whether there is any historical reality behind the Trojan War is still an open question.

Topic	Sub topic	Detailed information
	【1】 in Literature	The Iliad			relating what happened in the last year of the siege
		The Odyssey			【2】 Odysseus’ journey home
		Epic poems			gaining 【3】 through fragments
		Roman poets			Virgil and Ovid included
The Trojan War	Plot Of the War		The war was 【4】 by a quarrel between the three goddesses for the title of the “fairest”.
			【5】 judged Aphrodite the “fairest” in exchange of Helen, the most beautiful woman, who was taken to Troy by him.
			Feeling 【6】 by Paris’ action, Agamemnon led an expedition of Greek troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years.
			With the ruse of the Trojan Horse, Greek troops 【7】 the city and slaughtered the Trojans and desecrated the temples, which made the gods very angry and made few of them return home safely.
	【8】Background		The ancient Greeks’ time	■ The war was believed to be an historical event, 【9】 in the 13th or 12th century BC.
			The mid-1900s	■ The war was regarded as non-historical.
			From 1868	■ Many scholars 【10】 Frank Calvert’s claim and believe that there is a historical core to the tale, but it still remains an open question.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Appearance

【2】describing

【3】survival

【4】caused

【5】Paris

【6】insulted

【7】occupied(took, conquered)

【8】Historical

【9】happening

【10】follow(accept)

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述的是战争是希腊神话中最重要的事件之一，在许多希腊文学作品中表现出来。这里描述了特洛伊战争。古希腊人把特洛伊战争当作发生在公元前十二、十三世纪的一次历史事件。这种说法现在被大多数学者所接受。

【1】 Appearance 根据第一段第二句The war is one of the most important events in Greek mythology and has appeared in many works of Greek literature, most notably through Homers(荷马) Iliad. 战争是希腊神话中最重要的事件之一，在许多希腊文学作品中表现出来，多数通过荷马史诗《伊利亚特》。此处用名词形式，故填Appearance。

【2】describing根据第一段第三句中the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus《奥德赛》描述了奥德修斯回家的旅程。故此处填describing。

【3】survival根据第一段第四句Other parts of the war are described in a cycle of epic poems(史诗), which have survived through fragments. 其他地区的战争被描述在史诗的循环中，这已经幸存于片段。古此处用名词形式survival。

【4】caused根据第二段第一句The war originated from a quarrel战争起源于一次争吵。可知此处填caused。

【5】Paris根据第二段第二句Zeus sent the goddesses to Paris, who judged that Aphrodite, as the “fairest”, should receive the apple. 宙斯把女神送到巴黎，因此可知此处填Paris。

【6】insulted根据第二段第四句Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and the brother of Helen’s husband Menelaus, led an expedition of Greek troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years because of Paris’ insult. 迈锡尼国王阿伽门农，海伦的丈夫Menelaus的哥哥领导希腊军队远征特洛伊并因为巴黎的侮辱围攻特洛伊城历时十年。故此处填insulted。

【7】occupied(took, conquered)根据第二段倒数第二句The Greeks slaughtered(大屠杀) the Trojans and desecrated(亵渎) the temples, thus earning the gods’ great anger. 希腊人大屠杀特洛伊人并亵渎寺庙，因此惹得神大怒。因此可知此处填occupied(took, conquered)。

【8】Historical根据第三段第一句The ancient Greeks treated the Trojan War as an historical event which had taken place in the 13th or 12th century BC,古希腊人把特洛伊战争当作发生在公元前十二、十三世纪的一次历史事件。可知此处填Historical。

【9】happening根据第三段第一句The ancient Greeks treated the Trojan War as an historical event which had taken place in the 13th or 12th century BC,古希腊人把特洛伊战争当作发生在公元前十二、十三世纪的一次历史事件。可知此处填happening。

【10】follow(accept)根据第三段倒数第三句中this claim is now accepted by most scholars. 这种说法现在被大多数学者所接受。可知此处填follow(accept)。