分析 本文主要讲述了电子烟产生的原因,它的特点,危害及优点;文中讲到:由于吸烟会导致死亡,所以就有制造商生产了比香烟要安全一些的电子烟;这种电子烟像香烟一样含有尼古丁,但它们不使用烟草;它们使用电池,所以也不用将它们点燃;尽管电子烟相对与真正的香烟要安全,但是由于它里面含有液体尼古丁,再加上美国联邦政府也没有控制它们的使用,使得美国的5岁或是更小的儿童沾染上了电子烟,因此它对于儿童也是不安全的;美国疾控和预防中心的吸烟与健康办公室主任Tim McAfee在文中介绍了液体尼古丁的危害,如:当这种物质进入皮肤,进入眼睛或被吞咽的时候,就会发生尼古丁中毒;即使是少量的尼古丁,也能使一个人生病;尼古丁中毒可引起胃部疼痛或不平衡感,头痛和突发疾病,过量的使用尼古丁还会导致死亡;但是由于电子烟不含有在真正的香烟中发现的数百种的有害化学物质,所以美国卫生局长建议电子烟可以成为成年人试图戒烟的一种有用的工具;Tim McAfee认为电子烟虽然并没有像真正的烟制品那样创造了风险等级,但是他也担心青少年会认为电子烟是无害的,会对尼古丁上瘾,然后开始吸真正的香烟.
解答 答案:
33.them 考查人称代词 根据上文"E-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes.But they do not use tobacco."介绍了电子烟像香烟一样含有尼古丁,但它们不使用烟草;可推测出本句的意思应是:你也不用将它们点燃;因此这里是为了避免重复,使用了"它们"来代替前面的E-cigarettes;由于此处在句中作动词light的宾语,故填them
34.in 考查介词 本句的意思是:为什么美国各地的毒物控制中心看到了关于电子烟中毒的电话在增加;因此这里指的是:在…方面有增加;故填in
35.aged 考查过去分词 此处在句中作后置定语,修饰前面的名词children;动词age与该名词构成动宾关系,意为:(长到)5岁大的孩子;故填aged
36.even if/even though 考查从属连词 本句的意思:他说,问题在于监管,即使电子香烟里含有液体尼古丁,联邦政府也没有控制它们;本句是一个让步状语从句,故填even if/even though"即使,尽管"
37.when 考查从属连词 分析句意可知,此处在句中作时间状语;意为:当这种物质进入皮肤,进入眼睛或被吞咽的时候,就会发生尼古丁中毒;故填when
38.can 考查情态动词 分析句意可知,此处讲的是尼古丁产生的危害,即:即使是少量的,也能使一个人生病;故填can
39.that/which 考查关系代词 根据句意"电子烟不含有在真正的香烟中发现的数百种的有害化学物质"可知,本句是定语从句;先行词 hundreds of harmful chemicals(数百种的有害化学物质)指物,在从句中作主语,故填taht/which
40.trying 考查现在分词 分析句意可知,此处在句中作宾语 adults的补足语,并且宾语 adults与动词try构成了逻辑上的主谓关系;故填trying
点评 本题主要考查了各种语法在短文中的具体运用.做本题时,需要在正确理解短文的前提下,逐句分析句意以及所考查到的语法现象;因此在平时的学习中,应熟练掌握各种语法知识,其中包括词法,句法,各种时态语态以及虚拟语气等.
科目:高中英语 来源:2017届河北省高三下学期第1周周测英语试卷(解析版) 题型:阅读理解
A student walks into his first class and realizes he forgot all about the midterm exam. He knows he needs to bring his grades up, and getting a zero will make it nearly impossible. He quickly jots down some notes and shoves them under his lap hoping it will help him pass. Cheating is a major concern in all academic environments. Students are creating new and more outrageous(令人吃惊的)ways of cheating every day: some claim that certain accounts of cheating can be justified, but overall it can always be prevented.
Cheating has been around forever, and millions of ways to cheat have been fashioned. Copying homework and cheat sheets are some of the most basic ways students in all education levels have cheated. Some students think nothing about writing a few answers on their hand, in a gum wrapper, or boldly using a study guide to cheat. Desperate students have even gone as far as to steal the test or scan in bottle wrappers and put answers into the nutrition label. The internet has now become available in almost every location. Computers can be accessed at school, at home, and now even on cell phones. This opens a doorway for even more methods of cheating to be born.
There are countless opinions on whether or not cheating can be justified. The truth is this behavior will always be a matter of opinion with each scenario of cheating. Students often rationalize their cheating by claiming they forgot to look over the material or did not understand what the teacher or professor was saying. Some may counter these arguments by saying that the student could have set reminders or asked the teacher to explain the material before the day of the test. Some other reasons students believe cheating is justified are their heavy workloads and trying to find time for school, sports, friends, and family. This may be true in certain instances, however, all students have these problems, and it is unfair to the students refrain(制止) from cheating when the student who is dishonest receives a better grade. The majority of students who think cheating is acceptable may believe the reason for this is that sometimes students are unaware they are cheating, there is not enough time given for assignments, or that the information is too much for the course.
It may be difficult to accomplish, hut cheating can be prevented. 1'eachers and professors have tried many options to stop cheating. These options can range anywhere from simply spreading test-takers out in a room, to expelling(驱逐)a student, which will most likely hinder their plans of getting into another college. One simple way to fix the problem is to scold the student when caught. They may be so scared or embarrassed that they never do it again. This is a risky way to prevent cheating in some cases, however, because it can possibly damage self-esteem. Another simple way 10 avoid cheating is to create many different kinds of the same test. This prohibits students from getting the answers off of a neighbor's test, but students still have the option of using other cheating tactics.
There may be a million ways to cheat and get away with it, but there are few times, if any, that it is justified. Cheating never has to be a necessity and is never worth compromising morals and losing years worth of working towards a degree. This problem is spreading throughout America; with everyone's help, it can be stopped.
1.Which is the best title of this passage?
A. To cheat or not to cheat B. Show your opinion on cheating
C. Debates on cheating D. Different ways of cheating
2.The second paragraph mainly tells us that .
A. cheating through the Internet is the most basic way
B. students who cheat in exams are cleverer
C. millions of ways to cheat have been fashioned
D. students cheat in exams to score better grades
3.The reason that is given by most students who think cheating is understandable is that .
A. they don't understand their teachers' words
B. they bury themselves in a lot of homework
C. they don't have enough time to complete the study tasks
D. they forget to look over the material
4.What is the disadvantage of scolding the cheating students according to the passage?
A. They may continue to cheat next time.
B. They may be hurt mentally.
C. They may use other cheating tactics.
D. They may get on badly with their teachers.
5.What is the author's attitude towards cheating?
A. It is reasonable B. It is necessary
C. it can be praised D. It must be prevented
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