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阅读理解
Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary．
Important words to learn：●Essential●improver ● Advanced
pump/pamp/
noun[C]DEVICE●1●A a piece of equipment which is used to cause liquid, air or gas to move from one place to an-other：a water/bicycle/fuel pump○a UK petrol/US gas pump SHOE●2[USUALLY PLURAL]US(UK court shoe)a type of plain shoe with a raised HEEL and no way of fastening it to the foot which is worn by women 3[USUALLY PLURAL]a type of flat shoe, like a BALLET dancer's shoe when is worn by women 4[USUALLY PLURAL]UK a flat·shoe made of heavy clothy, which is worn by children for doing sports．
ueerb LIQUID/GAS●1[T USUALLY·ADV/PREP]to force liquid or gas to move somewhere：our latest machine can pump a hundred gallors a minute,○The new wine is pumped into stirage tanks．○The heart pumos blood through the arteries/round the body．INFORMATION●2[T]INFORMAL to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direce：She was pumping me for details of the new projece．
Idioms pump sb's hand to SHAKE someone's hand(＝hold their hand and move it up and down, espacially In order to greet them)·pump lron INFORMAL to lift beavy weights for exercise; These days both men and wmen pump irom for fithess．
Pharsal verbs pump sth into sth to spend a lot of money trying to make something operate succesfully：They had been pumpinh money into the business for some Years without seeing any results．
Pump sth out(M)REMOVE●1 to remove water or other liquid from something using a pump：We took turns pumping out the boat．PRODUCE●2INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous：The government keeps pumping out the same old propaganda．○The car radio was pumping out music with a heacy beat．
Pump out sth someone's stomach is pumped out, a Poisonous substance is removed from it by being-sucked Through a tube．She had to go to hospital to have her Stomach pumped out．
Pump sth up[M]INFORMAL to make someone feel more contident or excited：He was offering them advince and trying to pump them up．○[R]The players were pumping themselves up by singing the national anthem, before the game．
Pump sth up[M]1 to fill something with air using a pump：Have you pumped up the balloons yet?○ I must pump the tyres up on my bike．2 INFORMAL to increase something by a large amount：The US was able to pump up exports．○Let's pump up the tolume a bit!
Pump-action/pamp ek/n/ad ectiv[BEFORE NOUN]descnbes a device which operates by forcing songthing, especially air, in or out of a closed space or container; a pump-action shotgun○a pump-action toilet pump prlming noun[U]SPECIALIZED the activity of help-ing a business, programme, economy, etc．to develop by giving it money; The government is awarding small, pump prining grants to single mothers who are starting their oum businesses．
Pun/pan
Noun[C]a humorous use of a word or phrase which has several meanings or which sound like another word：she made a couple of dreadful puns．○This is a well-known joke based on a pun “What's black and white and red(＝read)all over? A nepaper．
Verb[I](-nn-)to make a pun
Punch/pants/
Nou HIT●1●(c)a forceful hit with a fist(＝closed hand)she gave him a punch lik on us in the nose．EFFECT●2 U the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people, I felt the performance speech presntation lacked punch DRnk●3[C OR U]a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruit juices pieces of frut and often wine or other alcoholic drinks tool●4[C]a piece of equipment which cuts boles in a maena by pushing a piece of met through it a ticket punch have you seen the hole puneh anghere?
Verb(T)hit●1●to hit someone or something with your FIST(＝closed hand); He punched him in the stomach．2 MALY US to hit with your fingers the bugins on a telephone or the kdys on a keys on a keyboard USE TOCL●3 to make a hole in something with a spscial place of equipment; I was just punching in some hets of paper．○This belt's too big．I'll have to punch an extra hole in it．
Idioms punch sb's lights out informal to hit someone repeatedly very hard punch the clock us to put a card into a special machine to record the times you amive at and leave work：After 17 years of punching the clock, he just disappeared one morning and was mever heard from again．
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