The rise of multinational corporations （跨国公司）, global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, America’s relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate （公司的） planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts （相对应的人） in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson—Marshall’s U.S.employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather have about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN （Cable News Network）. Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.

1. 1.

   Compared with the American PR personnel, what is/are an advantage（s） of the non-Americans involved in PR?
   

   1. A.
      They tend to be more internationally minded
   2. B.
      They speak more and better foreign languages.
   3. C.
      They usually pay more attention to global financial situation.
   4. D.
      Both A and B.
2. 2.

   What is the immediate cause of the downfall of America’s public relations?

   1. A.
      The number of US public relations agencies had greatly decreased by 1991.
   2. B.
      Other countries have increased their efforts in public relations.
   3. C.
      On the global scale, cultural differences have significantly shrunk.
   4. D.
      The British companies are becoming especially sophisticated and creative in public relations.
3. 3.

   It could be inferred that the author of the passage is______.

   1. A.
      an American
   2. B.
      a Briton
   3. C.
      Ted Turner
   4. D.
      an Asian
4. 4.

   The underlined word “provincial” in paragraph 3 could possibly mean “     ”.

   1. A.
      strict in thinking
   2. B.
      like people from rural areas
   3. C.
      limited in outlook
   4. D.
      interested in geographical knowledge

The home service industry in Beijing is expected to become more attractive both as a job and as an industry.
Sources at the Beijing People’s Political Consultative Conference said resistance to home service work is melting away from minds of the city’s laid-off workers. The Conference suggested the establishment of municipal (市政的) centers which supervise (监督) property management, household mending and installation, and house keeping services. Modern city life is creating a need for industrialization home services. This will create job opportunities for laid-off workers, said vice director of the Social Judicial Committee of the Conference.
Beijing residents have long desired a home service industry. The demand is expected to drive new economic growth. There are few high quality home help services in Beijing and customers are always complaining.
In the past, few laid-off workers in Beijing desired to work as home helpers, jobs largely taken by young women from the countryside. At the same time, some city residents have not felt safe trusting rural girls with modern household machines or with their small children. Many people would pay more for reliable house keepers who are more familiar with city life, but they have had no way of getting one, even though the city is home to thousands of laid-off workers.
By the end of June this year, there were 30,600 jobless workers in the city. Most of them are women in their 40’s, who are not blessed with particular skills and who have had their work ethics (准则) shaped by the planned economy. Many of them were at a loss when they first realized they had lost their jobs and a way of life they had got used to for decades. They never imagined being laid off by state owned enterprises; they never considered other kinds of employment. For them, the private sector (部门) meant taking risks; house-keeping implied lower social status. Gao Yunfang, 44, is a pioneer who is breaking the ice. She sells the Beijing Morning Post in the morning, and works at two households in the afternoon. She earns 1,000 yuan per month. So she no longer worries about her daughter’s tuition at a university in Shanghai.

1. 1.

   What is talked about in the passage?
   

   1. A.
      Home service.         
   2. B.
      Modern city life.             
   3. C.
      Laid-off workers.     
   4. D.
      Social status.
2. 2.

   What does the word “ laid-off” in the passage mean?
   

   1. A.
      Heavily-burdened.   
   2. B.
      Old                         
   3. C.
      Inexperienced.         
   4. D.
      Jobless.
3. 3.

       Why didn’t the laid-off workers like to do home services in the past?
   

   1. A.
      Low salary.                                                       
   2. B.
      Lower social status.  
   3. C.
      Dirty working condition.                             
   4. D.
      Too much extra work.
4. 4.

       Why were many laid-off workers at a loss?
   

   1. A.
      Because they didn’t get used to the new way of life.     
   2. B.
      Because they are too old to find a new job.
   3. C.
      Because they dislike being laid off. 
   4. D.
      Because they think they lost their social status.

The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889, in memory of the 100th birthday of the French Revolution. The Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII of England, opened the tower. Of the 700 suggestions that were handed in, Gustave Eiffel’s was chosen.
However, at first, it was not well accepted by all and a group of people — including many well-known writers and painters at that time — were fiercely against its design.
Being about 300 meters in height, and 7,000 tons in weight, it was the world’s tallest building until 1930. It was a great project for France. 300 workers took two years to build it. It isn’t an ordinary building, since it is almost made of steel. For example, its body moves around at most 12 cm in heavy wind. Moreover, its height changes up to 15 cm according to the temperature.
It was almost destroyed in 1909, but was saved because of its antenna(天线), which is used for communication at that time. Beginning in 1910 it became part of the International Time Service. French radio and French television have also made good use of its height.
The Eiffel Tower has also seen a few strange things. In 1923, a journalist rode a bicycle down from the first level of it. And in 1954, a mountain climber climbed on top of it and tried to measure its exact height.
Anyway, although its birth was difficult, it is now well accepted all over the world. It has been considered as one of the symbols of Paris.

1. 1.

   The passage mainly tells us ________.  

   1. A.
      the history of the Eiffel Tower
   2. B.
      some information about its design
   3. C.
      what the Eiffel Tower was used for
   4. D.
      how it became one of the symbols of Paris
2. 2.

   Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?

   1. A.
      Many people couldn’t accept the Eiffel Tower at the beginning.
   2. B.
      It was the world’s tallest building for hundreds of years.
   3. C.
      A journalist rode down from the Eiffel Tower in 1954.
   4. D.
      The Eiffel Tower was saved because of its height.
3. 3.

   The French Revolution took place in _______.

   1. A.
      1889
   2. B.
      1923
   3. C.
      1789
   4. D.
      1930

The British people are among the world’s greatest readers of newspapers.It’s been the custom ever since most people could read.
But why do people want to do nothing but read while traveling to work in a train? Perhaps they are tired, or else they sit behind a newspaper to shut themselves off from the world.All the same, most men would notice a woman struggling with a heavy case and jump up to help her and a pretty girl sitting opposite wouldn’t escape their attention either.In this case a paper is useful because they can have a good look at her from behind it without her knowing.Perhaps they do nothing but read.There are stories of girls and young men who met in the rush hours, got married, and went on traveling in the same train hand in hand.

1. 1.

   The main idea of this passage is that______.

   1. A.
      people in Britain are great newspaper readers
   2. B.
      why people read newspaper when they travel by train
   3. C.
      people do nothing but read in a train
   4. D.
      when people go to work in a train, they do different things
2. 2.

   According to this passage, reading newspaper______.

   1. A.
      is a custom just among men who can read
   2. B.
      is something the British do only traveling in a train
   3. C.
      is a daily activity most people enjoy
   4. D.
      can help people in many ways
3. 3.

   A man might be reading a newspaper in a train for the following reasons except that ______.

   1. A.
      he is trying to get some business news
   2. B.
      he wants to have a rest
   3. C.
      he hopes to escape the attention of a pretty girl
   4. D.
      he doesn’t want to talk with other people around him
4. 4.

   The writer said that most men in the train would help a woman struggling with a heavy thing.The implication(含义) is that ______.

   1. A.
      It is interesting for a man to help a woman in trouble
   2. B.
      it is considered a man’s duty to offer help to a woman in need
   3. C.
      the woman is too weak to carry a heavy case
   4. D.
      men are often more interested in other things than reading newspapers, especially when women are in trouble

The United States is well?known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time.?1?these wide modern roads are generally ?2?and well maintained, with ?3? sharp curves and many straight ?4?,a direct route is not always the most ?5? one. Large highways often pass ?6?scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally ?7? large urban centers which means that they become crowded with ?8? traffic during rush hours,?9?the “fast, direct” way becomes a very slow route. However, there is ?10?always another route to take ?11? you are not in a hurry. Not far from the ?12? new “superhighways”,there are often older,?13? heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside.?14?of these are good two lane roads; others are uneven roads ?15? through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along hilly?16?or down frightening hillsides to towns ?17? in deep valleys. Though these are less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places?18?the air is clear and the scenery is beautiful, and the driver may have a ?19? to get a fresh, clean ?20? of the world.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      Although
   2. B.
      Since
   3. C.
      Because
   4. D.
      Therefore
2. 2.
   1. A.
      rough
   2. B.
      splendid
   3. C.
      smooth
   4. D.
      complicated
3. 3.
   1. A.
      little
   2. B.
      few
   3. C.
      much
   4. D.
      many
4. 4.
   1. A.
      selections
   2. B.
      separations
   3. C.
      divisions
   4. D.
      sections
5. 5.
   1. A.
      terrible
   2. B.
      Possible
   3. C.
      enjoyable
   4. D.
      reasonable
6. 6.
   1. A.
      to
   2. B.
      Into
   3. C.
      over
   4. D.
      by
7. 7.
   1. A.
      lead
   2. B.
      connect
   3. C.
      collect
   4. D.
      provide
8. 8.
   1. A.
      large
   2. B.
      fast
   3. C.
      light
   4. D.
      heavy
9. 9.
   1. A.
      when
   2. B.
      for
   3. C.
      but
   4. D.
      that
10. 10.
    1. A.
       yet
    2. B.
       still
    3. C.
       almost
    4. D.
       quite
11. 11.
    1. A.
       unless
    2. B.
       if
    3. C.
       as
    4. D.
       since
12. 12.
    1. A.
       relatively
    2. B.
       regularly
    3. C.
       reasonably
    4. D.
       respectively
13. 13.
    1. A.
       and
    2. B.
       Less
    3. C.
       more
    4. D.
       or
14. 14.
    1. A.
       All
    2. B.
       Several
    3. C.
       Lots
    4. D.
       Some
15. 15.
    1. A.
       driving
    2. B.
       crossing
    3. C.
       curving
    4. D.
       traveling
16. 16.
    1. A.
       rocks
    2. B.
       cliffs
    3. C.
       roads
    4. D.
       paths
17. 17.
    1. A.
       lying
    2. B.
       laying
    3. C.
       laid
    4. D.
       lied
18. 18.
    1. A.
       there
    2. B.
       when
    3. C.
       which
    4. D.
       where
19. 19.
    1. A.
       space
    2. B.
       period
    3. C.
       chance
    4. D.
       spot
20. 20.
    1. A.
       view
    2. B.
       variety
    3. C.
       visit
    4. D.
       Virtue

The Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is the longest wall in the world. It 1from west to east,2 mountains, 3 valleys and finally 4 the sea.
The Great Wall has a history of over two 5 years. People began to 6 the wall 7 the Spring and Autumn Period in Chinese history. In about 22lBC Qin Shihuang had all the walls 8. 9, the Great Wall came to the world. The Great Wall is 10 6,000 kilometers long, 6—7meters high and 4—5 meters wide. In most places it is 11 enough for five horses or ten men to walk 12 along the top. It was very 13 to build 14 a great wall in the old 15.Thousands of men 16 when they built it, The Great Wall was made not only of stones, but millions of 17.
Today, the Great Wall has become a place 18 interest not only to the Chinese but also to people all over the world. 19 the Egyptians feel proud of their pyramids, 20 Chinese people also feel proud of our Great Wall.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      comes
   2. B.
      goes
   3. C.
      lies
   4. D.
      stands
2. 2.
   1. A.
      through
   2. B.
      along
   3. C.
      over
   4. D.
      across
3. 3.
   1. A.
      and
   2. B.
      from
   3. C.
      to
   4. D.
      through
4. 4.
   1. A.
      gets
   2. B.
      comes
   3. C.
      reaches
   4. D.
      arrives
5. 5.
   1. A.
      thousand
   2. B.
      million
   3. C.
      hundred
   4. D.
      billion
6. 6.
   1. A.
      create
   2. B.
      design
   3. C.
      form
   4. D.
      build
7. 7.
   1. A.
      between
   2. B.
      at
   3. C.
      in
   4. D.
      on
8. 8.
   1. A.
      made up
   2. B.
      joined up
   3. C.
      sent up
   4. D.
      put up
9. 9.
   1. A.
      Since then on
   2. B.
      Now and then
   3. C.
      from then on
   4. D.
      After then
10. 10.
    1. A.
       no more than
    2. B.
       not more than
    3. C.
       less than
    4. D.
       more than
11. 11.
    1. A.
       wide
    2. B.
       long
    3. C.
       high
    4. D.
       tall
12. 12.
    1. A.
       one by one
    2. B.
       day by day
    3. C.
       side by side
    4. D.
       step by step
13. 13.
    1. A.
       easy
    2. B.
       difficult
    3. C.
       good
    4. D.
       bad
14. 14.
    1. A.
       like
    2. B.
       look
    3. C.
       so
    4. D.
       such
15. 15.
    1. A.
       times
    2. B.
       history
    3. C.
       countries
    4. D.
       enemies
16. 16.
    1. A.
       killed
    2. B.
       died
    3. C.
       murdered
    4. D.
       gone
17. 17.
    1. A.
       life
    2. B.
       live
    3. C.
       lives
    4. D.
       living
18. 18.
    1. A.
       of
    2. B.
       with
    3. C.
       for
    4. D.
       about
19. 19.
    1. A.
       Just as
    2. B.
       As if
    3. C.
       Look like
    4. D.
       Such
20. 20.
    1. A.
       us
    2. B.
       we
    3. C.
       our
    4. D.
       ours

The Voice of America began during the World War II. When Germany was broadcasting a radio program to get international 1, American officials believed they should 2the German broadcast with words that they thought were the facts of world events. The first VOA news report began with words in3. “The4may be good or bad, but we shall tell you the truth.” Within a week, other VOA5were broadcasting in Italian, French and English.
After the World War II ended in 1945, some Americans felt VOA’s6had to be changed, 47the Soviet Union became enemy of America. They wanted to8Soviet listeners. Then VOA began broadcasting in Russian.
In the early years VOA began adding something new to its broadcast that was9“ Music USA”. Another new idea came along in 1959. VOA knew that many listeners did not know10English to completely understand its11English broadcast. So VOA12 a simpler kind of English,13uses about 1,500 words and is spoken14of course, it is special English.
In the15of most VOA listeners, the most16program is the news report. News from around the world17into the VOA news rooms in Washington 24 hours a day. It comes from VOA reporters in18cities and also from other19like BBC. VOA writers and editors use these materials to20news reports, which are being broadcast in 43 languages.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      business
   2. B.
      culture
   3. C.
      support
   4. D.
      information
2. 2.
   1. A.
      reply
   2. B.
      answer
   3. C.
      join
   4. D.
      interrupt
3. 3.
   1. A.
      same
   2. B.
      short
   3. C.
      English
   4. D.
      German
4. 4.
   1. A.
      news
   2. B.
      problems
   3. C.
      effects
   4. D.
      opinions
5. 5.
   1. A.
      stations
   2. B.
      news
   3. C.
      announcers
   4. D.
      officials
6. 6.
   1. A.
      home
   2. B.
      position
   3. C.
      purpose
   4. D.
      results
7. 7.
   1. A.
      if
   2. B.
      supposing
   3. C.
      considering
   4. D.
      in order that
8. 8.
   1. A.
      reach
   2. B.
      satisfy
   3. C.
      attack
   4. D.
      support
9. 9.
   1. A.
      known
   2. B.
      reported
   3. C.
      called
   4. D.
      printed
10. 10.
    1. A.
       American
    2. B.
       British
    3. C.
       standard
    4. D.
       enough
11. 11.
    1. A.
       normal
    2. B.
       fast
    3. C.
       good
    4. D.
       exact
12. 12.
    1. A.
       invented
    2. B.
       discovered
    3. C.
       taught
    4. D.
       stopped
13. 13.
    1. A.
       it
    2. B.
       who
    3. C.
       which
    4. D.
       that
14. 14.
    1. A.
       pleasure
    2. B.
       course
    3. C.
       opinion
    4. D.
       advice
15. 15.
    1. A.
       pleasure
    2. B.
       course
    3. C.
       opinion
    4. D.
       advice
16. 16.
    1. A.
       difficult
    2. B.
       important
    3. C.
       various
    4. D.
       common
17. 17.
    1. A.
       flies
    2. B.
       sends
    3. C.
       delivers
    4. D.
       pasts
18. 18.
    1. A.
       all
    2. B.
       major
    3. C.
       American
    4. D.
       news
19. 19.
    1. A.
       broadcasts
    2. B.
       forms
    3. C.
       newspapers
    4. D.
       countries
20. 20.
    1. A.
       broadcast
    2. B.
       announce
    3. C.
       translate
    4. D.
       prepare

下列各句中，标点符号使用不正确的一句是

[　　]

A．梅尔·吉布森在意大利拍摄的电影《THE PASSION OF THE CHRIST》（《中国新闻周刊》评论文章译为《耶稣受难记》），2月25在美国上映后引起轰动。

B．进学校饭厅先得排队，我到苏联新学的第一句话就是：“哪位排在最后？”教研室主任博洛京娜对我说：“您现在就像瞿秋白当年那样，经历《饿乡纪程》。”

C．2004年4月16日，三亚市政府成立了“三湾”（三亚湾、大小东海湾、亚龙湾）大整治领导小组，对“三湾”进行全面清理整治，恢复沙滩、海域原状，可收效甚微。

D．她打扫卫生不认真，对待孩子不耐心，买菜报花账，好吃懒做，等等……真让人忍无可忍！

Psychologists (心理学家) tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process, which helps us to deal with culture shock, is the way our brain and our personality reacts to the strange new things we meet when we move from one culture to another.

Culture shock begins with the "honeymoon stage". This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. We may be suffering from "jet lag" (时差) but we are excited to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food.

Unfortunately, the second stage of culture shock can be more difficult. After we have settled down into our new life, working or studying, buying groceries, doing laundry (洗衣), or living with a home-stay family, we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland and our family, girlfriend/boyfriend and pets. This "rejection stage" can be quite dangerous because the visitor may develop unhealthy habits.

The third stage of culture shock is called the "adjustment stage". This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture. Your sense of humour usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!

The fourth stage can be called "at ease at last". Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. You can deal with most problems that occur. You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them. If you meet someone from your country who has just arrived, you can be the expert on life in the new culture and help them to deal with their culture shock.

The four stages of   71 

完型填空

     When I was in primary school，I got into a major argument with a boy in my class. I can't __36__  what it was about，but I have never forgotten the  ____37__  I learned that day.

I was __38__ that I was right and he was wrong－and he was sure that I was wrong and he was right.The  __39__   decided to teach us a very important lesson. She  __40__  both of us up to the  __41__  of the class and  __42__   him on one side of her desk and me on   __43__. In the middle of her desk was a large，round object. I could  __44__  see that it was black.She asked the boy what  __45__  the object was. “White，” he answered.

     I couldn't believe he said the object was white，__46__  it was obviously black！Another __47__  started between my classmate and me，this   __48__   about the color of the object.

The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed   __49__，and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I   __50__ answer，“White.” It was an object with two   __51__   colored sides，and from his side it was white. ___52__ from my side was it black.

     My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day：You must   __53 __   in the other person's shoes and look at the  ___54___   through their eyes in order to  __55__   understand their view.

36．A.think                 B．suppose           C．remind                D．remember

37．A.lesson             B．lecture             C．class                     D．text

38．A.told                   B．wished             C．convinced              D．allowed

39．A.officer           B．teacher            C．doctor                   D．parent

40．A.told                   B．came               C．brought                D．woke

41．A.back                B．front               C．middle                  D．side

42．A.planted                  B．placed             C．had                     D．fixed

43．A.the other           B．another            C．other                    D．others

44．A.happily                  B．fortunately       C．clearly                  D．nearly

45．A.width               B．shape               C．color                     D．size

46．A.when                B．unless              C．until                     D．if

47．A.fight                       B．argument         C．conversation         D．game

48．A.time                B．year                C．month                 D．day

49．A.places               B．seats                C．attitudes                D．glasses

50．A.needed to         B．was able to       C．hoped to                D．had to

51．A.similarly           B．differently              C．beautifully            D．surprisingly

52．A.Still                B．since             C．Only                     D．Also

53．A.seat                   B．stand               C．lie                        D．put

54．A.situation             B．movement        C．condition               D．behaviour

55．A.unexpectedly      B．suddenly          C．quietly                        D．truly