Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know--or even think to ask--who it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries（杂货物品) around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come--those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937--before the coming of the shopping cart.

1.The underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ______. (No more than 3 words)

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2.What was the purpose(目的) of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words)

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3.Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words)

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4.Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (No more than 10 words)

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5.What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)

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根据汉语提示写一篇短文，介绍你最喜欢的老师，内容可适当增加，100词左右。

善良，学习上严格要求我们，帮我们克服困难；

容易相处，善于倾听，是我们的好朋友；

永远不会忘记他/她。

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There was ________ time _________the English language was based more on German.

A. a; that B. the; that

C. a; when D. the; when

----It is true that he is in trouble at this moment. But I don’t think he will give up.

----I quite agree with you. He is a ________________person.

A. hard-working B. calm

C. reliable D. determined

----Sorry, I have broken your bike. ----I’ll try to get it _______.

A. repaired B. to repair

C. repairing D. to be repaired

Please __________ the numbers and I’m sure they will __________ more than 1, 000.

A. add to; add to B. add up; add up

C. add up; add up to D. add to; add up

Although she is stubborn, sometimes she is really easy ____________.

A. to be get along with B. getting along with

C. to get along with D. being got along with

---- We are having a party this evening.

---- __________.

A. All right B. Best wishes

C. Have fun D. Happy to hear that

The children asked her mother ______________ go out to play tennis.

A. that he could B. if he could

C. if could he D. that could he

It was in the lab __________ my father did the experiment yesterday evening.

A. that B. since

C. which D. before