10．

A．necessarily  B．claims  C．functioning  D．measures  E．average  F．consumption   G．bothering  H．obviously  I．addition  J．questionable  K．raise

Would you believe that drinking water is one of the most healing things you can do for your body？It's true as long as it is pure，alkaline（碱性的）water．Yet most water is acidic．Water that（41）Dless than 7 on the PH scale is acidic．Water that is higher than 7 is alkaline．To support life，water needs to be on the alkaline side of the range，much like our bodies．
    Drinking pure，alkaline water is important to great health．I believe that most of the disease （42）Gpeople in the Western world couldn't occur in a PH-balanced body．
    Most tap water is highly acidic due to the （43）Iof various chemicals．Don't assume that bottled water is （44）Aa better choice than tap water．Most bottled water is of （45）Jquality and largely made up of tap water plus the off-gassing of chemicals from the plastic in which it is stored．Most bottled water is extremely acidic，making it harmful to your health and the health of the planet，too．
    Water filtration（过滤） is a necessary part of our modern life．There are many water filtration systems that get rid of some of the harmful chemicals，but few systems that also （46）Kthe PH of water to increase its healing powers．Every company （47）Bthat its systems are the best．I've spent some time trying to find affordable water filtration systems．
    Every cell in your body depends on enough water to ensure proper （48）C．It's important to drink between 12 and 20 cups of alkaline water each day．Every person has individual needs but if you are smaller than （49）Eand in excellent health，your water needs will obviously be lower than someone who is fat and in poor health．As your health problems improve and you lose any extra weight，you can reduce your water （50）Fto 12 cups each day．

9．Anyone planning to go camping or hiking should first learn to recognize poison ivy，（51）Athis plant can cause a rash resulting in reddened skin，an annoying itch，and painful blisters．A severe （52）Ccan even force a person to remain in bed or become hospitalized．The best way to （53）Bthese discomforts is to avoid the plant．P．F．Productions
Fortunately this plant is easy to （54）D．Whether it grows as a bush or a vine，the shape of it is always （55）A．Each leaf stalk has three glossy leaves，usually with jagged edges．In early spring the leaves are red，turning．And then the autumn comes，the leaves （56）Bto become bright red or orange．The poison ivy plant is found （57）Deverywhere in North America．Because many birds eat its berries，its seeds are （58）Adistributed．The plant loves the sun and flourishes along beaches，in fields，and by roadsides．It also grows（59）Cin light shade and is often found in parks and pine forests．However，in thick woods the story is different．It is not （60）Athere．That is because the leaves of the trees block out the sun，which the plant needs to grow．
The poison in poison ivy is in the form of an oil that is in all parts of the plant．It is extremely （61）C．Merely touching the plant is enough contact for a person to be infected by the （62）A．Touching clothing or shoes that have brushed against the plant can also cause a rash and blisters．Even the smoke from a fire where poison ivy is burning can cause the skin poisoning．
A person who makes （63）Bwith the plant should wash all infected areas with a strong laundry soap as soon as possible．Clothes that have come in contact with the （64）Cshould be dry cleaned or washed in soap and water．There is one good way to prevent the （65）AStay away from the plant!
 

51．A．since	B．so	C．therefore	D．then
52．A．cold	B．cough	C．case	D．accident
53．A．keep	B．prevent	C．protest	D．cut
54．A．forget	B．grow	C．fertilize	D．recognize
55．A．the same	B．various	C．beautiful	D．ugly
56．A．become	B．change	C．get	D．avoid
57．A．barely	B．always	C．usually	D．almost
58．A．widely	B．narrowly	C．practically	D．strongly
59．A．very poor	B．very good	C．quite well	D．quite worse
60．A．supported	B．discovered	C．watered	D．disturbed
61．A．deep	B．high	C．catching	D．beautiful
62．A．oil	B．part	C．form	D．contact
63．A．combination	B．contact	C．access	D．soap
64．A．smoke	B．fire	C．plant	D．clothing
65．A．poisoning	B．weeding	C．growing	D．seeding．

8．The launch of the UK's biggest online university venture has the potential to"revolutionise conventional models of formal education"and keep UK ahead in the global race to deliver the best education，says universities minister David Willetts．
The FutureLearn project will see more than 20 institutions enter the global market to offer massive open online courses，or Moocs．Until now，the US has led the way in the creation of Moocs，catering to an estimated 3 million learners worldwide with hundreds of courses from a range of top institutions．
Bath，Exeter，Birmingham，Edinburgh and Warwick are among the 21 UK universities that have signed up．The British Library，British Museum and British Council will also make material available to students．The venture，set up by the Open University，is a response to the rise of Moocs and will offer students a new and innovative way to access courses，says Martin Bean vice-chancellor of the Open University．Bean said，"Time and again we have seen the impact the Internet can have on industries-driving innovation and enhancing the customer experience．I have no doubt Moocs will do the same for education-offering people new and exciting ways to learn．"
A senior academic at University College London-which has chosen not to be involved in FutureLearn-has questioned whether the Mooc model is the best road for universities to go down．Although free for students，online courses have some downsides．Stephen Caddick，professor at the university，says students want flexibility above all．"Moocs are an online product of higher education currently experienced offline by a lot of students：inflexible"，said Caddick．"These courses are free to students，yet very expensive to develop for universities．"
Simon Nelson，CEO of FutureLearn，said university partners see this opportunity as"money extremely well spent"，helping them to boost their global profile and encourage experimentation and innovation within university departments．According to Nelson，FutureLearn will continue to expand its number of partners both in the UK and overseas，as well as develop its commercial model，which in the future could see students paying to take exams and purchase extra course material．
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS．）
78．Besides revolutionizing traditional educational models，FutureLearn has the potential toto keep UK ahead in the global race to deliver the best education．
79．How many learners all over the world have benefited from the online courses offered by American universities？an estimated 3 million learners
80．What are the two downsides of online courses mentioned by Stephen Caddic？These courses are inflexible and expensive to developfor unversities．
81．What is the plan for FutureLearn according to Nelson？to expand its number of partnersand develop its commercial model．

7．In American culture，you may find some very sensitive topics that require you to think again before you put them forward．They are as follows：
Age．It is a very sensitive （1）Bto many Americans．In this culture，the thought of growing older is a （2）B one and most of us，if possible，would like to have nothing to do with it．So many Americans work hard to （3）D a youthful appearance．The last thing they want to be asked is the unthinkable，"How old are you exactly"？
This question may result in a（an）（4）Alike："How old do you think I am？"Anyhow，if you are（5）B to know someone's age，first you estimate （估计） their age by their appearance．Then you take ten years away from that estimation．With a big（6）A，that person will probably say，'Thanks，but I am a few years older than that"．
Weight．This is one of the most sensitive subjects．In America，it is desirable to be thin but it is a huge （7）Dto be overweight．In any American fashion magazines，you'll notice most （8）D are nothing more than skin and bones．
Income．You should never ever ask how much someone's salary is．However，it's perfectly（9）Bto ask about their job title and what they do for a living．This information should give you some idea．
Matters of the Heart．This is a tricky （难处理的） one．Some people cannot wait to（10）Atheir hearts out to you．Then there are those who make sure their （11）C business stays behind closed doors．The general （12）B is not to get too personal．You don't want others to think that you are looking into their lives．Besides，try not to ask too many questions until you have a（n）（13）D with this person．
Anyhow，it's difficult to always （14）A an embarrassing conversation．So，be sensible，（15）C your mouth and try not to open a can of worms．

1． A．solution	B．subject	C．access	D．approach
2． A．painless	B．painful	C．enjoyable	D．natural
3． A．make	B．change	C．decorate	D．keep
4． A．reply	B．consequence	C．description	D．explanation
5． A．likely	B．eager	C．afraid	D．nervous
6． A．smile	B．surprise	C．prize	D．gift
7． A．accident	B．event	C．excitement	D．embarrassment
8． A．singers	B．editors	C．writers	D．models
9． A．awesome	B．suitable	C．foolish	D．typical
10．A．pour	B．cut	C．mark	D．test
11．A．rich	B．foreign	C．personal	D．public
12．A．aspect	B．rule	C．idea	D．concept
13．A．appointment	B．quarrel	C．discussion	D．friendship
14．A．avoid	B．begin	C．produce	D．stop
15．A．ignore	B．take	C．watch	D．notice．

6．The problem with much mobile technology is that it's not really designed to be used while you're actually mobile．The human brain can only pay attention to about three things at a time-and concentrate effectively on just one of them．Even though the consequences of smartphone distraction（注意力分散）are sometimes （25）amusing（amuse），they can also be serious．
The number of children （26）admitted（admit） to hospitals after accidents in public playgrounds （27）has climbed（climb） by about a third in five years，according to NHS data．Experts in both Britain and the US，（28）wherea similar rise has occurred suggest some of the increase may be a result of parents being too distracted by their phones （29）to take（take） care of their children properly．
And now comes evidence showing that 11-year-old children are three times more likely to be hurt or seriously injured on the way to and from school than 10-year-olds，since 11 is the average age at which children receive their first mobile phone，six times more likely （30）to be sending（send） a text when it happens．
（31）Aquarter of children surveyed admitted that they had been distracted by personal technology while crossing the road．"There is，"the report concluded，"a clear connection （32）betweenthe use of technology and the time of serious accidents with children．"

5．It is officially known as the Swiss Re Tower，or 30St Mary Axe．As a typical example of green architecture，what is most remarkable about the building is its energy-efficiency．（51）B its artful design and some fancy technology，it is expected to consume up to 50% less energy than a comparable conventional office building．Green architecture is （52）C the way buildings are designed，built and run．
Supporters of green architecture argue that the approach has many （53）A．In the case of large office，for example，the （54）D of green design techniques and clever technology can not only reduce energy consumption and environmental impact，but also reduce running costs，create a more （55）B working environment，improve employee's health and productivity，reduce legal liability，and （56）B property values and rental returns．
Going green saves money by reducing long-term energy costs：a survey of 99green buildings in America found that on average，they use 30% less energy than conventional buildings．So any additional building costs can be （57）A quickly．The traditional approach of trying to minimize construction costs，（58）C，can lead to higher energy bills and wasted materials．
Green buildings can also have less obvious （59）D benefits．The use of natural daylight in office buildings，for example，besides reducing energy costs，also seems to make workers more productive．Lockheed Martin，an aerospace firm，found that absenteeism（缺勤） （60）D by 15after it moved 2，500employees into a new green building in Sunnyvale，California．（61）A，the use of daylight in shopping complexes appears to increase （62）C．It also found that students in naturally lit classrooms performed up to 20% better．The （63）C in productivity paid for the building's higher construction costs within a year．Despite its benefits and its growing popularity，green architecture is still not as popular as expected．The main （64）D is co-ordination（协调），for green buildings require much more planning by architects，engineers，builders and developers than traditional buildings．But，without doubt，green architecture will （65）B to reshape the construction industry over the next five years，with ever more innovative，energy-efficient and environmentally friendly buildings．"No one is doing this for fun，"he says．"There's too much at risk．"

51．A．In place of	B．Thanks to	C．In spite of	D．In addition to
52．A．giving	B．discovering	C．changing	D．paving
53．A．benefits	B．factors	C．techniques	D．impacts
54．A．contrast	B．completion	C．manufacture	D．combination
55．A．tense	B．pleasant	C．fierce	D．temporary
56．A．involved	B．enhanced	C．shared	D．showed
57．A．recovered	B．gained	C．counted	D．valued
58．A．in return	B．for instance	C．by contrast	D．in general
59．A．environmental	B．psychological	C．academic	D．economic
60．A．multiplied	B．estimated	C．recorded	D．dropped
61．A．Similarly	B．Contrarily	C．Consequently	D．Necessarily
62．A．visits	B．relations	C．sales	D．satisfaction
63．A．performance	B．confidence	C．increase	D．equal
64．A．interest	B．progress	C．solution	D．problem
65．A．deserve	B．help	C．work	D．afford．

4．We all have an idea about the common types of environmental problems．However，light pollution may he a（n）（41）B  term to many of us．But，the fact is，it does（42）C mankind，other living forms and the environment as a whole．
Light pollution （43）A all forms of the misused man-made light．It is（44）D when artificial light sources brighten certain areas，which do not（45）C lighting．It can be office lighting，car（46）B，street lights and many more．
Light pollution is（47）D to both animals and human beings．Upon studies．obvious effects observed in the．（48）A of animals which are active at night．It is found that （49）Dlight at night makes it difficult for these animals to（50）C，wander and perform their regular activities  As to human  beings，light pollution is directly or indirectly（51）B  for causing several diseases．Its effects are related to（52）A，in the body clock．It contributes to（53）D of developing cancerous cells．So，it's nothing less than a （54）B  human health．
Apart from this，the actual（55）C  of misused light is about millions of dollars every year．It also leads to the release of greenhouse（56）Cand global warming．After all，fuels are used for Producing（57）Ain all countries．
While outdoor lighting  is part of our （58）B lifestyle，some simple ways will surely help inreducing light pollution．For example，while（59）D  outdoor lighting，make sure that they are pointed downwards．Also，（60）A  only the required lighting equipment for both home and of-feces．

41．A．familiar	B．new	C．good	D．usual
42．A．punish	B．benefit	C．affect	D．change
43．A．represents	B．measures	C．handles	D．describes
44．A．obtained	B．managed	C．noticed	D．resulted
45．A．provide	B．receive	C．require	D．admit
46．A．waste	B．headlights	C．horns	D．noise
47．A．poisonous	B．practical	C．ordinary	D．harmful
48．A．behavior	B．hobby	C．anxiety	D．intention
49．A．dark	B．plentiful	C．little	D．bright
50．A．sleep	B．rest	C．hunt	D．feed
51．A．flexible	B．responsible	C．meaningful	D．suitable
52．A．disturbance	B．confusion	C．reaction	D．balance
53．A．ideas	B．feelings	C．ways	D．risks
54．A．start	B．threat	C．stress	D．shock
55．A．need	B．price	C．cost	D．cure
56．A．plants	B．smoke	C．gases	D．smell
57．A．electricity	B．light	C．warmth	D．money
58．A．healthy	B．modem	C．traditional	D．homely
59．A．removing	B．repairing	C．cleaning	D．installing
60．A．use	B．keep	C．save	D．make．

3．Once school is out for the summer，students can begin their vacation trips in the great state of New Hampshire．Here are some low budget destinations．
Cannon Mountain
It is not only the well-known oldest ski area in the US，but a top summer destination．The site offers views of the attractions of NH's Old Man of the Mountain，and the nests of eagles from the surrounding mount．You can treat yourselves to not only the small train ride，but a walk through the US ski museum and a hike along the small road．Feel free to choose a picnic lunch，or eat in the hotel．To comfortably enjoy the Cannon Mountain trip，plan to bring﹩20per person in your group．
Mount Washington Auto Road
No trip to New Hampshire is complete without taking a drive up to the Mount Washington Auto Road．At﹩28per vehicle and driver，plus﹩8for each adult，you can arrive at the mountain top．You can start your trip to the highest top in the northeast，where you can spend a day climbing the rocks，exploring the weather station and the hiker rest area．
Cruising on Lake Winnipesaukee
Lake Winnipesaukee offers seasonal trips on the largest lake in New Hampshire．Summer cruises are designed for all the visitors，from plants tours and houses visiting to evening dinner cruises．Tickets change from 15to123depending on the number of visitors and the season．
Prescott Park Arts Festival
Since 1974，the Prescott Park Arts Festival in Portsmouth has been hosting a free theater experience in the lovely river side Prescott Park．Past performances have included Annie，Shrek the Musical，and other plays．These community theater programs are a delight．And they run from June to August，with both evening shows and afternoon concerts．

33．what can we learn about Cannon Mountain？B
A．It is the oldest ski area in the world．
B．A small train ride is available there．
C．Tourists have to take their food there．
D．There are nests of eagles on the mount．
34．How much should you pay if you drive to Mount Washington Auto Road together with your parents？C
A．﹩28   B．﹩36   C．﹩44   D．﹩52
35．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？A
A．Summer cruises are more expensive in the busy season．
B．The Prescott Park Arts Festival lasts for a month every year．
C．Tourists can dine in the hotel for free in the Cannon Mountain．
D．Tourists can explore the weather station in the Cannon Mountain．

2．I wish there would be a way to describe China in simple terms but that's impossible．For the most part Chinese people are friendly，easy-going and optimistic．They are curious and unusually patient and they are also the hardest-working people I have ever met．
In China，family is everything．In my English classes when the students were asked what they would do if they only had a few hours to live，most students told me how they would spend their last few hours with their families and parents．Many times the subjects in the classes center on families and friends．I teach many students a year，talking to them freely．
The cost of living here is very low compared with that of the US．The city of Xiang Fan I live in isn't large and I live better．Non-imported（非进口的） foods are very cheap，so are clothing and articles of everyday use．The cost of public transportation is very low，too．Chinese value education．However，it is reported that many children can't afford the expenses of schooling and are forced to leave school in some poor areas in China．But they organized Project Hope many years ago．It creates conditions for the poor children to go back to school．In my opinion，Project Hope is of great importance to the development of the rural education．
When we read news of China in the west，rarely，if ever，will we see anything mentioned of the positive changes China has gone through．While it is true that economic miracles have not reached many areas of China，but we also have the same problems．
When I am asked which country I consider better，China or the US，my answer has always been the same，"We are not worse or better than each other，we are only different．"

25．What does the author think of Chinese people？B
A．He thinks most Chinese people hardly work．
B．He praises most Chinese people a lot．
C．He thinks most Chinese people are proud．
D．He dislikes most Chinese people．
26．What are not cheap in China in the author's opinion？C
A．Clothes and shoes made in China．
B．Public transportation tickets．
C．Imported foods．
D．Local foods．
27．We can infer from the passage that the author thinksA．
A．the progress of China is seldom reported in the US
B．China's economic miracles have appeared everywhere
C．the westerners have got to know China well
D．the education in rural areas is never cared about in China．

1．As computers become more popular in China，Chinese people are increasingly depending on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters．But if they use the computer too much，they may end up forgetting the exact strokes （笔画） of each Chinese character when writing on paper．Experts suggest people，especially students，write by hand more．
Do you write by hand more or type more？In Beijing，students start using a computer as early as primary school．And computer dependence is more widely spread among university students．Almost all their assignment and essays are typed on a computer．All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer．
It's faster and easier to correct if using a computer．And that's why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education．But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly，problems appear．
"When I'm writing with a pen，I find I often can't remember how to write a character，though I feel I'm familiar with it．"
"I'm not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper．"
Many students don't feel this is something to worry about．Now that it's more convenient and efficient to write on a computer，why bother to handwrite？
Many educators think differently．Shi Liwei，headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said，"Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic （审美的） value．But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value．All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost．And handwriting contains the writer's emotion．Through one's handwriting，people can get to know one's thinking and personality．Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them．"
To encourage students to handwrite more，many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory（必修的）and in universities，some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand．

72．The underlined expression"taking stock in"in paragraph 4probably meansC．
A．getting bored with           
B．becoming crazy about
C．getting dependent on            
D．getting curious about
73．Which of the following statement is NOT true of the advantage of handwriting？A
A．Handwriting can impress people well and build one's self-confidence．
B．Handwriting contains the writer's emotions．
C．Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value．
D．The writer's thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting．
74．The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly becauseC．
A．computers have become a trend and fashion in China
B．they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays
C．they find it not easy to remember how to write a character
D．they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently
75．Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？D
A．The Importance of Handwriting and Typing．
B．Writing by Computer Will Replace Writing by Hand．
C．Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters．
D．To Type or to Handwrite．