Believed to date back to ancient Mesopotamia, Bisha’h was used by most Bedouin tribes (部落) throughout the centuries, but all except the Ayaidah eventually abandoned it. 【2】. Considered by many of the world’s oldest rude system, Bisha’h was mostly used in situations where a crime was committed, but there were no witnesses. Suspects had to lick a heated spoon to prove their innocence.

The principle behind Bisha’h is that a lying person is nervous and has a dry mouth. 【3】. If they are innocent, they are relaxed, so the saliva (唾液) on the tongue will protect it against the red-hot metal.

【4】. This way not only causes physical harm to suspects, but also often leads to their mental damage.

Today, the Bisha’h is used as a last way, 【5】. It’s also used as a way of scaring suspects into admitting their crimes. For example, if the suspects admit what they had done, there is no need to move on with the Bisha’h. That is considered another weakness of this lie detection system, as some people will accept the blame if it means not having to lick hot metal to prove they are innocent.

A. if their tongue is hurt seriously

B. when they have used these methods

C. So their tongues will be burned by the hot metal

D. when there is no other proof or witnesses available

E. All the countries like the way of punishment

F. This way of punishment is banned in countries like Jordan and Saudi Arabia

G. However, those who are against the punishment think that it is not always the case

Modern maker culture is filling headlines and lab spaces all over the world. The way makers communicate with each other has changed over time. In the past, skills mainly came from personal sit-downs with members of the group. But sometimes a teacher wasn’t available, or the one available didn' t know how to do the skill others wanted to learn.

Today a teacher doesn' t even have to be in the same country or occupy the same decade as the students. Thanks to the work of people who take the time to break down and share the details of their craft, an interested individual can learn anything. Guides may range from videos to diagrams and text. Regardless of the media, maker resources are meant to be shared.

One of the features of the maker movement is the crossover between different interests. Perhaps a passion for cars and for leathercraft can result in a truly custom interior （定制的内饰）. Perhaps a love of knitting （编织）and robotics will result in a tiny ——but very mobile ——robotic furry cat.

And once you have started your creation, finding a community to share with is no longer limited to the people nearby. Modern makers have been sharing videos of their progress online for years, contributing greatly to the rapid spread of the maker movement. As different as the participants might be, they share enthusiasm, support, and a willingness to try.

Imagine making a ping-pong table together with your makers' team. One group builds the basic frame. Another group takes on the responsibility of painting. You knit the net. There is joy in just giving it a try. It will remind you of childhood creations. Whether you are an experienced programmer or just picking up a hammer for the first time, it is never a bad time to come up with an idea, try something, and share the results.

【1】How did makers communicate with each other in the past?

A.By meeting face to face.

B.By asking personal questions.

C.By visiting a teacher together.

D.By sitting together in a classroom.

【2】What does the underlined word " crossover" in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.Exchange.B.Difference.

C.Combination.D.Independence.

【3】What greatly speeds up the spread of modern maker culture?

A.The sharing of videos on the Internet.

B.The development of education.

C.The increasing willingness to share.

D.The increasing number of participants.

【4】Why does the author mention making a ping-pong table in the last paragraph?

A.To advise us to start small.

B.To inspire some creative ideas.

C.To stress the importance of childhood creations.

D.To encourage us to join in the maker movement.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

With the improvement of people’s living standards, cars have become popular means of transport, bring great convenience to our life. Therefore, they have also caused some problems such as air pollutions and traffic jams.

How can we solve these problems then? As far as I am concerning, riding bicycles is a good solution. For one thing, bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy-saving. For another, bicycles are environmental friendly because of they won’t give off waste gas. Besides, riding bicycles was a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial for our health.

As a result, let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles. Come on and join them.

1.你的学校生活；

2.你的感受；

3.询问他的情况。

注意：1.词数不少于50；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Peter,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【1】When did Jordan go to college?

A. In 1981. B. In 1984. C. In 1990.

【2】Where did Jordan win his first Olympic gold medal?

A. In Chicago. B. In Barcelona. C. In Los Angeles.

【3】What did Jordan do in 1993?

A. He joined the NBA. B. He retired from basketball. C. He returned to the Bulls.

【4】How long did Jordan play professional baseball for?

A. About two years. B. About five years. C. About six years.

This 4-day sightseeing tour covers the most famous elements（元素）of China: the historical sites, natural scenery, unique culture, and lovely giant pandas.

Day 1 Beijing Arrival

Your guide will meet you at the arrivals hall. An experienced driver will transfer you to your hotel. Your guide will help you to check-in.

You may start your first day wandering through Tian'anmen Square and arrive at the Forbidden City to have a little adventure in the previous home to emperors. After lunch at a local restaurant, you'll explore the centuries-old hutongs to get a taste of the locals' lifestyle: making dumplings in a local family's home, trying your hand at Chinese writing brush, or applying Peking Opera facial makeup.

Day 2 The Summer Palace and the Great Wall

Freshen up in the morning and start your day at Summer Palace, enjoying the 300-year-old royal garden. Take a pleasant boat ride on the lake and take a walk in the long corridors（走廊）to view the beautiful paintings on the ceilings.

After enjoying some Beijing Roast Duck for lunch, we'll go on our tour to visit the Great Wall at Mutianyu. Walk through the watchtowers, enjoying a wonderful view of the wall winding across the mountains. The cable car to a good section of the Great Wall is included.

Day 3 The Terracotta Army（兵马俑）

At 7 in the morning, you will be driven to the airport for your flight to Xi'an. Your guide will be waiting for you and will transfer you to your hotel.

Everything in Xi'an is about history. The Terracotta Army, with each figure being unique, has guarded Emperor Qin Shi Huang's tomb since 210 BC.

After lunch, you'll visit the 600-year-old ancient city wall. Walking along Xi'an City Wall provides a good view of the city.

Day 4 One-Day Panda Keeper Program

In the morning, you'll get onto a high-speed train to Chengdu, where you can get close to giant pandas. You will get very close to them and learn more about them during the Panda Keeper Program in Dujiangyan Panda Base. Under the guidance of an English-speaking member of staff, you will clean the panda enclosures, feed a panda by hand and make cakes for them.

After the tour, the driver will transfer you to the airport at 9 pm, and take you all the way to the security gate for your convenience.

China visas provided PLUS a free dinner or snack tour

Valid: Nov.20, 2019-Dec.2, 2020

Please click here for more detailed information.

【1】The passage is mainly introducing ___________.

A.the culture and history of ChinaB.a sightseeing program in China

C.some famous buildings in ChinaD.some special experiences in China

【2】Those places are chosen to be introduced because ___________.

A.the sceneries are beautifulB.they are symbols of China

C.their buildings are world famousD.their culture and history are famous

【3】The intended readers of the passage are ___________.

A.parentsB.researchers

C.historiansD.foreigners

Spring usually 【1】(begin) on February 3-5 every year. From this day on, the days get longer and the weather gets 【2】(warm). In addition, from this day to summer, we usually call this period the spring. Besides, it's also a traditional festival in China --- on behalf of the beginning of the new year. So it 【3】(value) greatly by Chinese people. There exists the popular custom of eating spring rolls and cakes on that day, so it has another saying of biting spring.

注意:1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计人总词数。

Dear Charlie，

How time flies! It has been almost a year since your last visit.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch 【1】 the people that we want to. Social media tools let us see what our friends are doing 【2】 we have a Wi-Fi connection. The digital age also enables us to find people 【3】 share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy 【4】(do) them, even if they live on the other side of the world.

One day, my wife wanted me to take my mother out to dinner and a movie. She said, "I know she loves you and would love to spend some time with you." My mother 【1】(be) a widow（寡妇）for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three 【2】(child) had made it impossible to visit her very often. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. She thought about it for a moment, and then said, "I would like【3】(spend) the night with you very much."